@article{fdi:010073790,
  title = {{D}ifferences in pathogenicity and virulence of {T}rypanosoma brucei gambiense field isolates in experimentally infected {B}alb/{C} mice},
  author = {{K}abore, {J}. and {C}amara, {O}. and {K}offi, {M}. and {S}anou, {D}. and {I}lboudo, {H}. and {S}akande, {H}. and {C}amara, {M}. and {D}e {M}eeûs, {T}hierry and {R}avel, {S}ophie and {B}elem, {A}. {M}. {G}. and {M}ac{L}eod, {A}. and {B}ucheton, {B}runo and {J}amonneau, {V}incent and {T}hevenon, {S}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}rypanosoma brucei gambiense ({T}. b. gambiense) is the major causative agent of human {A}frican trypanosomiasis ({HAT}). {A} great variety of clinical outcomes have been observed in {W}est {A}frican foci, probably due to complex host-parasite interactions. {I}n order to separate the roles of parasite genetic diversity and host variability, we have chosen to precisely characterize the pathogenicity and virulence of {T}. b. gambiense field isolates in a mouse model. {T}hirteen {T}. b. gambiense strains were studied in experimental infections, with 20 {B}alb/{C} infected mice per isolate. {M}ice were monitored for 30 days, in which mortality, parasitemia, anemia, and weight were recorded. {M}ortality rate, prepatent period, and maximum parasitemia were estimated, and a survival analysis was performed to compare strain pathogenicity. {M}ixed models were used to assess parasitemia dynamics, weight, and changes in {P}acked {C}ell {V}olume ({PCV}). {F}inally, a multivariate analysis was performed to infer relationships between all variables. {A} large phenotypic diversity was observed. {P}athogenicity was highly variable, ranging from strains that kill their host within 9 days to a non-pathogenic strain (no deaths during the experiment). {V}irulence was also variable, with maximum parasitemia values ranging from 42 million to 1 billion trypanosomes/ml. {R}educed {PCV} and weight occurred in the first two weeks of the infection, with the exception of two strains. {F}inally, the global analysis highlighted three groups of strains: a first group with highly pathogenic strains showing an early mortality associated with a short prepatent period; a second group of highly virulent strains with intermediate pathogenicity; and a third group of isolates characterized by low pathogenicity and virulence patterns. {S}uch biological differences could be related to the observed clinical diversity in {HAT}. {A} better understanding of the biological pathways underlying the observed phenotypic diversity could thus help to clarify the complex nature of the host-parasite interactions that determine the resistance/susceptibility status to {T}. brucei gambiense.},
  keywords = {{H}uman {A}frican trypanosomiasis ; {T}rypanosoma brucei gambiense ; {C}linical diversity ; {P}henotypic diversity ; {M}ouse model ; {P}athogenicity ; {V}irulence ; {H}ost-parasite interaction ; {M}ultivariate analysis ; {AFRIQUE} {DE} {L}'{OUEST}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{I}nfection {G}enetics and {E}volution},
  volume = {63},
  numero = {},
  pages = {269--276},
  ISSN = {1567-1348},
  year = {2018},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.meegid.2018.05.018},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010073790},
}