@article{fdi:010072019,
  title = {{T}he {N}ile delta's water and salt balances and implications for management},
  author = {{M}olle, {F}ran{\c{c}}ois and {G}aafar, {I}. and {E}l-{A}gha, {D}. {E}. and {R}ap, {E}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he {N}ile {D}elta and its 2.27 million ha of irrigated land makes up two thirds of {E}gypt's agricultural land. {I}t is also the terminal part of a river basin that spans and feeds 11 countries. {I}ncreases in dam and irrigation development in upstream parts of the basin is poised to conflict with agricultural expansion and population growth in {E}gypt. {U}nderstanding where and how waters comes into and leaves the delta is therefore a crucial question for the future of the country. {T}his paper revisits the surface and groundwater balances of the delta, emphasizes the additional relevance of drainage water reuse and of the salt balance, and evidences a relative stability of the outflow to the sea over the past 30 years. {V}arious reasons for such a phenomenon and the scope for saving water are explored and discussed. {T}he confusion between plot-level and delta-level efficiency and the relatively limited gains possible are emphasized. {B}eyond the overall water balance and quantitative issues, water management in the delta remains a complex task of spatially distributing the resource over a complex ramified network. {F}inally, limitations in the analysis related to data availability and accuracy are emphasized.},
  keywords = {{W}ater balance ; {S}alt balance ; {W}ater reuse ; {I}rrigation efficiency ; {N}ile delta ; {E}gypt ; {EGYPTE} ; {NIL} {DELTA}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{A}gricultural {W}ater {M}anagement},
  volume = {197},
  numero = {},
  pages = {110--121},
  ISSN = {0378-3774},
  year = {2018},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.agwat.2017.11.016},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010072019},
}