@article{fdi:010071454,
  title = {{I}nvasion of {A}frica by a single pfcrt allele of {S}outh {E}ast {A}sian type},
  author = {{A}riey, {F}. and {F}andeur, {T}. and {D}urand, {R}. and {R}andrianarivelojosia, {M}. and {J}ambou, {R}. and {L}egrand, {E}. and {E}kala, {M}. {T}. and {B}ouchier, {C}. and {C}ojean, {S}. and {D}uchemin, {J}. {B}. and {R}obert, {V}incent and {L}e {B}ras, {J}. and {M}ercereau {P}uijalon, {O}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {B}ecause of its dramatic public health impact, {P}lasmodium falciparum resistance to chloroquine ( {CQ}) has been documented early on. {C}hloroquine-resistance ({CQR}) emerged in the late 1950' s independently in {S}outh {E}ast {A}sia and {S}outh {A}merica and progressively spread over all malaria areas. {CQR} was reported in {E}ast {A}frica in the 1970' s, and has since invaded the {A}frican continent. {M}any questions remain about the actual selection and spreading process of {CQR} parasites, and about the evolution of the ancestral mutant gene( s) during spreading. {M}ethods: {E}leven clinical isolates of {P}. falciparum from {C}ambodia and 238 from {A}frica ( {S}enegal, {I}vory {C}oast, {B}ukina {F}aso, {M}ali, {G}uinea, {T}ogo, {B}enin, {N}iger, {C}ongo, {M}adagascar, {C}omoros {I}slands, {T}anzania, {K}enya, {M}ozambique, {C}ameroun, {G}abon) were collected during active case detection surveys carried out between 1996 and 2001. {P}arasite {DNA} was extracted from frozen blood aliquots and amplification of the gene pfcrt exon 2 ( codon 72 - 76), exon 4 and intron 4 ( codon 220 and microsatellite marker) were performed. {A}ll fragments were sequenced. {R}esults: 124 isolates with a sensitive ( c76/c220: {CVMNK}/{A}) haplotype and 125 isolates with a resistant c76/c220: {CVIET}/{S} haplotype were found. {T}he microsatellite showed 17 different types in the isolates carrying the c76/ c220: {CVMNK}/{A} haplotype while all 125 isolates with a {CVIET}/{S} haplotype but two had a single microsatellite type, namely ({TAAA}) 3( {TA}) 15, whatever the location or time of collection. {C}onclusion: {T}hose results are consistent with the migration of a single ancestral pfcrt {CQR} allele from {A}sia to {A}frica. {T}his is related to the importance of {PFCRT} in the fitness of {P}. falciparum point out this protein as a potential target for developments of new antimalarial drugs.},
  keywords = {{CAMBODGE} ; {SENEGAL} ; {COTE} {D}'{IVOIRE} ; {BURKINA} {FASO} ; {MALI} ; {GUINEE} ; {TOGO} ; {NIGER} ; {CONGO} ; {MADAGASCAR} ; {TANZANIE} ; {KENYA} ; {MOZAMBIQUE} ; {CAMEROUN} ; {GABON} ; {COMORES}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{M}alaria {J}ournal},
  volume = {5},
  numero = {art. no 34},
  pages = {{NIL}_1--{NIL}_5},
  ISSN = {1475-2875},
  year = {2006},
  DOI = {10.1186/1475-2875-5-34},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010071454},
}