Buscher P. auteur aut IRD Cecchi G. auteur aut IRD Jamonneau Vincent auteur aut IRD Priotto G. auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf born digital access Human African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) is a parasitic infection that almost invariably progresses to death unless treated. Human African trypanosomiasis caused devastating epidemics during the 20th century. Thanks to sustained and coordinated efforts over the past 15 years, the number of reported cases has fallen to an historically low level. Fewer than 3000 cases were reported in 2015, and the disease is targeted for elimination by WHO. Despite these recent successes, the disease is still endemic in parts of sub-Saharan Africa, where it is a considerable burden on rural communities, most notably in central Africa. Since patients are also reported from non-endemic countries, human African trypanosomiasis should be considered in differential diagnosis for travellers, tourists, migrants, and expatriates who have visited or lived in endemic areas. In the absence of a vaccine, disease control relies on case detection and treatment, and vector control. Available drugs are suboptimal, but ongoing clinical trials provide hope for safer and simpler treatments. specialized AFRIQUE SUBSAHARIENNE ZONE TROPICALE 052 050 390 art. 10110 [13 p.] 2397-2409 2017 0140-6736 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010071391 10.1016/s0140-6736(17)31510-6 0140-6736 [F B010071391] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010071391 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/intranet/publi/2017/12/010071391.pdf Accès réservé (Intranet de l'IRD) IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2018-01-05 2018-01-05 fdi:010071391 fre