@article{fdi:010071236,
  title = {"{S}how me which parasites you carry and {I} will tell you what you eat", or how to infer the trophic behavior of hematophagous arthropods feeding on wildlife},
  author = {{M}akanga, {B}. and {C}ostantini, {C}arlo and {R}ahola, {N}il and {Y}angari, {P}. and {R}ougeron, {V}. and {A}yala, {D}iego and {P}rugnolle, {F}ranck and {P}aupy, {C}hristophe},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{M}ost emerging infectious diseases are zoonoses originating from wildlife among which vector-borne diseases constitute a major risk for global human health. {U}nderstanding the transmission routes of mosquito-borne pathogens in wildlife crucially depends on recording mosquito blood-feeding patterns. {D}uring an extensive longitudinal survey to study sylvatic anophelines in two wildlife reserves in {G}abon, we collected 2,415 mosquitoes of which only 0.3% were blood-fed. {T}he molecular analysis of the blood meals contained in guts indicated that all the engorged mosquitoes fed on wild ungulates. {T}his direct approach gave only limited insights into the trophic behavior of the captured mosquitoes. {T}herefore, we developed a complementary indirect approach that exploits the occurrence of natural infections by host-specific haemosporidian parasites to infer {A}nopheles trophic behavior. {T}his method showed that 74 infected individuals carried parasites of great apes (58%), ungulates (30%), rodents (11%) and bats (1%). {A}ccordingly, on the basis of haemosporidian host specificity, we could infer different feeding patterns. {S}ome mosquito species had a restricted host range ({A}n.nili only fed on rodents, whereas {A}n.carnevalei, {A}n.coustani, {A}n.obscurus, and {A}n.paludis only fed on wild ungulates). {O}ther species had a wider host range ({A}n.gabonensis could feed on rodents and wild ungulates, whereas {A}n.moucheti and {A}n.vinckei bit rodents, wild ungulates and great apes). {A}n.marshallii was the species with the largest host range (rodents, wild ungulates, great apes, and bats). {T}he indirect method substantially increased the information that could be extracted from the sample by providing details about host-feeding patterns of all the mosquito species collected (both fed and unfed). {M}olecular sequences of hematophagous arthropods and their parasites will be increasingly available in the future; exploitation of such data with the approach we propose here should provide key insights into the feeding patterns of vectors and the ecology of vector-borne diseases.},
  keywords = {{A}nopheles ; blood meal ; {P}lasmodium ; rainforest ; trophic behavior ; wildlife},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{E}cology and {E}volution},
  volume = {7},
  numero = {19},
  pages = {7578--7584},
  ISSN = {2045-7758},
  year = {2017},
  DOI = {10.1002/ece3.2769},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010071236},
}