Ousseini I. S. auteur aut IRD Bakasso Y. auteur aut IRD Kane N. A. auteur aut IRD Couderc Marie auteur aut IRD Zekraoui Leila auteur aut IRD Mariac Cédric auteur aut IRD Manicacci D. auteur aut IRD Rhoné Bénédicte auteur aut IRD Barnaud Adeline auteur aut IRD Berthouly Salazar Cécile auteur aut IRD Assoumane A. auteur aut IRD Moussa D. auteur aut IRD Moussa Tony auteur aut IRD Vigouroux Yves auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf born digital access Phenotypic changes in plants can be observed along many environmental gradients and are determined by both environmental and genetic factors. The identification of alleles associated with phenotypic variations is a rapidly developing area of research. We studied the genetic basis of phenotypic variations in 11 populations of wild pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) on two North-South aridity gradients, one in Niger and one in Mali. Most of the 11 phenotypic traits assessed in a common garden experiment varied between the populations studied. Moreover, the size of the inflorescence, the number of flowers and aboveground dry mass co-varied positively with a decrease in rainfall. To decipher the genetic basis of these phenotypes, we used an association mapping strategy with a mixed model. We found two SNPs on the same myosin XI contig significantly associated with variations in the average number of flowers. Both the allele frequency of the two SNPs and the average number of flowers co-varied with the rainfall gradient on the two gradients. Interestingly, this gene was also a target of selection during domestication. The Myosin XI gene is thus a good candidate for fitness-related adaptation in wild populations. specialized NIGER MALI 076 119 2 88-94 2017 0018-067X https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010070315 10.1038/hdy.2017.13 0018-067X [F B010070315] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010070315 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/intranet/publi/2017/08/010070315.pdf Accès réservé (Intranet de l'IRD) IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2017-09-05 2023-07-11 fdi:010070315 fre