Ioualalen Mansour auteur aut IRD Pelletier Bernard auteur aut IRD Gordillo G. S. auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf born digital access New Caledonia's Loyalty Islands are located in the southwest region of the Pacific ocean in the highly seismogenic southern Vanuatu subduction zone and therefore may be subject to devastating local tsunamis. Over the past 150 years, two large tsunamis were triggered by major earthquakes on March 28th 1875 and September 20th 1920. In this study, we use historical observations of these tsunamis (mostly in the form of testimonials), earthquake scenarios, and tsunami modeling to derive the magnitudes of these earthquakes, as well as tsunami runup and inundation maps. Assuming that these earthquakes were located on the interplate megathrust zone, the 1875 earthquake's magnitude was M(w)8.1-8.2 and the 1920 event's magnitude was M(w)7.5-7.8. The tsunami damage inflicted on the Lifou and Mare islands was approximately proportional to these magnitudes, with Mare being less impacted due to favorable wave directivity. Damage at Ouvea island may have varied irregularly with the magnitude due to the effects of resonance. This study demonstrates that the quantitative characteristics of historical tsunamigenic earthquakes may be derived from qualitative estimates of tsunami runup. specialized Tsunami Vanuatu subduction zone 1875 and 1920 earthquakes Loyalty Islands New Caledonia VANUATU PACIFIQUE LOYAUTE NOUVELLE CALEDONIE 066 032 709 20-38 2017 0040-1951 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010070268 10.1016/j.tecto.2017.05.006 0040-1951 [F B010070268] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010070268 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/intranet/publi/2017/07/010070268.pdf Accès réservé (Intranet de l'IRD) IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2017-07-26 2023-07-11 fdi:010070268 fre