@article{fdi:010069213,
  title = {{A} shared {A}sian origin of the triple-mutant dhfr allele in {P}lasmodium falciparum from sites across {A}frica},
  author = {{M}a{\¨ie}ga, {O}. and {D}jimde, {A}. {A}. and {H}ubert, {V}. and {R}enard, {E}. and {A}ubouy, {A}gn{\`e}s and {K}ironde, {F}. and {N}simba, {B}. and {K}oram, {K}. and {D}oumbo, {O}. {K}. and {B}ras, {J}. and {C}lain, {J}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground. {U}sefulness of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine as first-line therapy for uncomplicated {P}lasmodium falciparum malaria and intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy throughout sub-{S}aharan {A}frica is compromised by the spread of dhfr alleles associated with pyrimethamine resistance. {A} predominant haplotype associated with the {N}51{I}+{C}59{R}+{S}108{N} triple-mutant dhfr allele has been reported recently in 4 {A}frican countries. {A} more comprehensive picture of the evolution of this mutant allele in {A}frica is lacking. {M}ethods. {S}eventy-five {P}. falciparum isolates carrying the wild-type dhfr allele and 204 carrying the triple-mutant dhfr allele from 11 {A}frican countries were selected. {T}he genetic diversity of the chromosomes bearing these alleles was analyzed with 4 microsatellite markers closely linked to the dhfr gene. {R}esults. {S}eventy-three different 4-locus haplotypes carrying the wild-type dhfr allele were found. {B}y contrast, 175 ( 85%) of 204 isolates carrying the triple-mutant dhfr allele shared a unique haplotype, identical to the one identified in {T}hailand. {F}or the remaining triple-mutant isolates and one isolate with the quadruple-mutant dhfr allele ( {N}51{I}+{C}59{R}+{S}108{N}+{I}164{L}), haplotypes were closely related to the predominant haplotype by mutation or recombination. {C}onclusions. {M}igration of parasites carrying an ancestral triple-mutant dhfr allele drives the spread of dhfr alleles associated with pyrimethamine resistance throughout {W}est and {C}entral {A}frica.},
  keywords = {{BENIN} ; {CAMEROUN} ; {CONGO} ; {COTE} {D}'{IVOIRE} ; {GABON} ; {GUINEE} ; {MALI} ; {SENEGAL} ; {OUGANDA} ; {COMORES}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{J}ournal of {I}nfectious {D}iseases},
  volume = {196},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {165--172},
  ISSN = {0022-1899},
  year = {2007},
  DOI = {10.1086/518512},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010069213},
}