Mombo I. M. auteur aut IRD Lukashev A. N. auteur aut IRD Bleicker T. auteur aut IRD Brunink S. auteur aut IRD Berthet N. auteur aut IRD Maganga G. D. auteur aut IRD Durand P. auteur aut IRD Arnathau C. auteur aut IRD Boundenga L. auteur aut IRD Ngoubangoye B. auteur aut IRD Boué V. auteur aut IRD Liégeois Florian auteur aut IRD Ollomo B. auteur aut IRD Prugnolle Franck auteur aut IRD Drexler J. F. auteur aut IRD Drosten C. auteur aut IRD Renaud F. auteur aut IRD Rougeron V. auteur aut IRD Leroy Eric auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf reformatted digital access Enteroviruses (EVs) belong to the family Picornaviridae and are responsible for mild to severe diseases in mammals including humans and non-human primates (NHP). Simian EVs were first discovered in the 1950s in the Old World Monkeys and recently in wild chimpanzee, gorilla and mandrill in Cameroon. In the present study, we screened by PCR EVs in 600 fecal samples of wild apes and monkeys that were collected at four sites in Gabon. A total of 32 samples were positive for EVs (25 from mandrills, 7 from chimpanzees, none from gorillas). The phylogenetic analysis of VP1 and VP2 genes showed that EVs identified in chimpanzees were members of two human EV species, EV-A and EV-B, and those identified in mandrills were members of the human species EV-B and the simian species EV-J. The identification of two novel enterovirus types, EV-B112 in a chimpanzee and EV-B113 in a mandrill, suggests these NHPs could be potential sources of new EV types. The identification of EV-B107 and EV90 that were previously found in humans indicates cross-species transfers. Also the identification of chimpanzee-derived EV110 in a mandrill demonstrated a wide host range of this EV. Further research of EVs in NHPs would help understanding emergence of new types or variants, and evaluating the real risk of cross-species transmission for humans as well for NHPs populations. specialized GABON 052 080 12 1 e0169067 [18 p.] 2017 1932-6203 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010068918 10.1371/journal.pone.0169067 1932-6203 [F B010068918] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010068918 https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers17-02/010068918.pdf IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2017-03-02 2023-07-11 fdi:010068918 fre