@article{fdi:010068765,
  title = {{A}ssessment of oral ivermectin versus shampoo in the treatment of pediculosis (head lice infestation) in rural areas of {S}ine-{S}aloum, {S}enegal},
  author = {{L}eulmi, {H}. and {D}iatta, {G}. and {S}okhna, {C}heikh and {R}olain, {J}. {M}. and {R}aoult, {D}idier},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{R}eports of treatment failure and the emergence of resistance to topical head lice treatments have become increasingly common, driving the need for continued development of new therapeutic options for pediculosis. {I}vermectin has been proposed as a potential alternative for the treatment of pediculosis but has not been sufficiently evaluated. {I}n this study, the effectiveness of oral ivermectin versus shampoo in the treatment of pediculosis in {S}enegal was compared. {T}he study was conducted in two neighbouring villages of {S}ine-{S}aloum, {S}enegal: {D}ielmo (ivermectin trial group; 201 female participants) and {N}diop (shampoo trial group; 239 female participants). {I}n the ivermectin group, patients received two doses of oral ivermectin (400 mu g/kg body weight; {M}ectizan ({R})) 7 days apart. {I}n contrast, the shampoo group received a shampoo treatment based on {D}-phenothrin (0.23%; {H}egor ({R})). {A}t the beginning of the study, 70 (34.8%) of 201 participants in the ivermectin group were infested by head lice versus 145 (60.7%) of 239 participants in the shampoo group. {A}t {D}ay 15 post-treatment, the efficacy of the treatment against head lice reached 41/53 (77.4%) in the ivermectin group (53 patients were tested in this group) versus 42/130 (32.3%) in the shampoo group (130 patients were tested in this group) ({P} < 10(-7)). {H}owever, 4 (7.5%) of the 53 females in the ivermectin group exhibited probable ivermectin treatment failure, suggesting the emergence of ivermectin-resistant lice. {T}his study demonstrates that oral ivermectin is highly effective for the treatment of pediculosis compared with shampoo, but also suggests that ivermectin resistance may emerge during treatment.},
  keywords = {{I}vermectin ; {D}-phenothrin ; {H}uman lice ; {SENEGAL}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{I}nternational {J}ournal of {A}ntimicrobial {A}gents},
  volume = {48},
  numero = {6},
  pages = {627--632},
  ISSN = {0924-8579},
  year = {2016},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.07.014},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010068765},
}