Zribi L. auteur aut IRD Mouillot Florent auteur aut IRD Guibal F. auteur aut IRD Rejeb S. auteur aut IRD Rejeb M. N. auteur aut IRD Gharbi F. auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf reformatted digital access Tree rings provide fruitful information on climate features driving annual forest growth through statistical correlations between annual tree growth and climate features. Indices built upon tree growth limitation by carbon sequestration (source hypothesis) or drought-driven cambial phenology (sink hypothesis) can be used to better identify underlying processes. We used both analytical frameworks on Quercus suber, a sparsely studied species due to tree ring methodological issues, and growing on a favorable sub-humid Mediterranean climate and deep soil conditions in Tunisia (North Africa). Statistical analysis revealed the major role of autumnal rainfall before the growing season on annual tree growth over the 1918-2008 time series. Using a water budget model, we were able to explain the critical role of the deep soil water refill during the wet season in affecting both the drought onset controlling growth phenology and the summer drought intensity affecting carbon assimilation. Analysis of recent climate changes in the region additionally illustrated an increase in temperatures enhancing the evaporative demand and advancing growth start, and a decline in rainfalls in autumn, two key variables driving stem growth. We concluded on the benefits of using process-based indices in dendrochronological analysis and identified the main vulnerability of this Mediterranean forest to autumnal rainfall decline, a peculiar aspect of climate change under summer-dry climates. specialized Quercus suber L. dendrochronology drought phenology water model climate change TUNISIE 082 021 7 10 245 [22 ] 2016 1999-4907 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010068715 10.3390/f7100245 1999-4907 [F B010068715] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010068715 https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers17-02/010068715.pdf IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2017-01-09 2021-05-27 fdi:010068715 fre