Leroi Charline auteur aut IRD Adam P. auteur aut IRD Khamduang W. auteur aut IRD Kawilapat S. auteur aut IRD Ngo-Giang-Huong Nicole auteur aut IRD Ongwandee S. auteur aut IRD Jiamsiri S. auteur aut IRD Jourdain Gonzague auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf reformatted digital access Objective: To estimate the number of people living in Thailand with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), a major cause of liver cirrhosis and cancer, in view of the implementation of programs to prevent CHB complications. Methods: Using PubMed/Medline and ScienceDirect, all studies reporting hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroprevalence estimates conducted in Thailand and published between 1975 and 2015 were reviewed systematically. Pooled prevalence estimates and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated, and potential sources of heterogeneity investigated. Results: A high heterogeneity was observed between prevalence estimates. There was a significant decrease in the 150 estimates of HBsAg prevalence with more recent decades of birth (p < 0.001), even before the implementation of the national universal immunization program in 1992. When restricted to the general population, the pooled prevalence estimate was 5.1% (95% CI 4.3-6.0%), which would translate to an estimated number of individuals with CHB living in Thailand in 2015 as high as three million. Conclusions: The high burden of CHB in Asian countries is a major challenge for the incorporation of national programs to prevent CHB complications within health care systems. specialized Chronic hepatitis B Hepatitis B surface antigen Meta-analysis Prevalence Thailand THAILANDE 052 050 51 36-43 2016 1201-9712 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010068695 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.08.017 1201-9712 [F B010068695] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010068695 https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers16-12/010068695.pdf IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2017-01-09 2017-08-23 fdi:010068695 fre