Quibod I. L. auteur aut IRD Perez-Quintero A. auteur aut IRD Booher N. J. auteur aut IRD Dossa G. S. auteur aut IRD Grande G. auteur aut IRD Szurek Boris auteur aut IRD Cruz C. V. auteur aut IRD Bogdanove A. J. auteur aut IRD Oliva R. auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf reformatted digital access Understanding the processes that shaped contemporary pathogen populations in agricultural landscapes is quite important to define appropriate management strategies and to support crop improvement efforts. Here, we took advantage of an historical record to examine the adaptation pathway of the rice pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) in a semi-isolated environment represented in the Philippine archipelago. By comparing genomes of key Xoo groups we showed that modern populations derived from three Asian lineages. We also showed that diversification of virulence factors occurred within each lineage, most likely driven by host adaptation, and it was essential to shape contemporary pathogen races. This finding is particularly important because it expands our understanding of pathogen adaptation to modern agriculture. specialized PHILIPPINES 076 6 art. 34137 [11 p.] 2016 2045-2322 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010068146 10.1038/srep34137 2045-2322 [F B010068146] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010068146 https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers16-10/010068146.pdf IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2016-11-03 2021-01-06 fdi:010068146 fre