@article{fdi:010068116,
  title = {{O}cean acidification affects fish spawning but not paternity at {CO}2 seeps},
  author = {{M}ilazzo, {M}. and {C}attano, {C}. and {A}lonzo, {S}. {H}. and {F}oggo, {A}. and {G}ristina, {M}. and {R}odolfo-{M}etalpa, {R}iccardo and {S}inopoli, {M}. and {S}patafora, {D}. and {S}tiver, {K}. {A}. and {H}all-{S}pencer, {J}. {M}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{F}ish exhibit impaired sensory function and altered behaviour at levels of ocean acidification expected to occur owing to anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions during this century. {W}e provide the first evidence of the effects of ocean acidification on reproductive behaviour of fish in the wild. {S}atellite and sneaker male ocellated wrasse ({S}ymphodus ocellatus) compete to fertilize eggs guarded by dominant nesting males. {K}ey mating behaviours such as dominant male courtship and nest defence did not differ between sites with ambient versus elevated {CO}2 concentrations. {D}ominant males did, however, experience significantly lower rates of pair spawning at elevated {CO}2 levels. {D}espite the higher risk of sperm competition found at elevated {CO}2, we also found a trend of lower satellite and sneaker male paternity at elevated {CO}2. {G}iven the importance of fish for food security and ecosystem stability, this study highlights the need for targeted research into the effects of rising {CO}2 levels on patterns of reproduction in wild fish.},
  keywords = {p{H} ; {CO}2 vent ; alternative reproductive tactics ; {L}abrid ; climate change ; {MEDITERRANEE} ; {ITALIE} ; {SICILE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}roceedings of the {R}oyal {S}ociety {B}. {B}iological {S}ciences},
  volume = {283},
  numero = {1835},
  pages = {art. 20161021 [7 p.]},
  ISSN = {0962-8452},
  year = {2016},
  DOI = {10.1098/rspb.2016.1021},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010068116},
}