@article{fdi:010066863,
  title = {{A}pe malaria transmission and potential for ape-to-human transfers in {A}frica},
  author = {{M}akanga, {B}. and {Y}angari, {P}. and {R}ahola, {N}il and {R}ougeron, {V}. and {E}lguero, {E}ric and {B}oundenga, {L}. and {M}oukodoum, {N}. {D}. and {O}kouga, {A}. {P}. and {A}rnathau, {C}. and {D}urand, {P}. and {W}illaume, {E}. and {A}yala, {D}iego and {F}ontenille, {D}idier and {A}yala, {F}. {J}. and {R}enaud, {F}. and {O}llomo, {B}. and {P}rugnolle, {F}ranck and {P}aupy, {C}hristophe},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{R}ecent studies have highlighted the large diversity of malaria parasites infecting {A}frican great apes (subgenus {L}averania) and their strong host specificity. {A}lthough the existence of genetic incompatibilities preventing the cross-species transfer may explain host specificity, the existence of vectors with a high preference for a determined host represents another possibility. {T}o test this hypothesis, we undertook a 15-mo-long longitudinal entomological survey in two forest regions of {G}abon, where wild apes live, at different heights under the canopy. {M}ore than 2,400 anopheline mosquitoes belonging to 18 species were collected. {A}mong them, only three species of {A}nopheles were found infected with ape {P}lasmodium: {A}nopheles vinckei, {A}nopheles moucheti, and {A}nopheles marshallii. {T}heir role in transmission was confirmed by the detection of the parasites in their salivary glands. {A}mong these species, {A}n. vinckei showed significantly the highest prevalence of infection and was shown to be able to transmit parasites of both chimpanzees and gorillas. {T}ransmission was also shown to be conditioned by seasonal factors and by the heights of capture under the canopy. {M}oreover, human landing catches of sylvan {A}nopheles demonstrated the propensity of these three vector species to feed on humans when available. {O}ur results suggest therefore that the strong host specificity observed in the {L}averanias is not linked to a specific association between the vertebrate host and the vector species and highlight the potential role of these vectors as bridge between apes and humans.},
  keywords = {{P}lasmodium ; {L}averania ; {A}nopheles ; ape-to-human infection ; {A}frican rainforest ; {GABON}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}roceedings of the {N}ational {A}cademy of {S}ciences of the {U}nited {S}tates of {A}merica},
  volume = {113},
  numero = {19},
  pages = {5329--5334},
  ISSN = {0027-8424},
  year = {2016},
  DOI = {10.1073/pnas.1603008113},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010066863},
}