@article{fdi:010066747,
  title = {{G}enetic diversity and population structure of {L}eishmania infantum from {S}outheastern {F}rance : evaluation using {M}ulti-{L}ocus {M}icrosatellite {T}yping},
  author = {{P}omares, {C}. and {M}arty, {P}. and {B}anuls, {A}nne-{L}aure and {L}emichez, {E}. and {P}ratlong, {F}. and {F}aucher, {B}. and {J}eddi, {F}. and {M}oore, {S}. and {M}ichel, {G}. and {A}luru, {S}. and {P}iarroux, {R}. and {H}ide, {M}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{I}n the south of {F}rance, {L}eishmania infantum is responsible for numerous cases of canine leishmaniasis ({C}an{L}), sporadic cases of human visceral leishmaniasis ({VL}) and rare cases of cutaneous and muco-cutaneous leishmaniasis ({CL} and {MCL}, respectively). {S}everal endemic areas have been clearly identified in the south of {F}rance including the {P}yrenees-{O}rientales, {C}evennes ({CE}), {P}rovence ({P}), {A}lpes-{M}aritimes ({AM}) and {C}orsica ({CO}). {W}ithin these endemic areas, the two cities of {N}ice ({AM}) and {M}arseille ({P}), which are located 150 km apart, and their surroundings, concentrate the greatest number of {F}rench autochthonous leishmaniasis cases. {I}n this study, 270 {L}. infantum isolates from an extended time period (1978-2011) from four endemic areas, {AM}, {P}, {CE} and {CO}, were assessed using {M}ulti-{L}ocus {M}icrosatellite {T}yping ({MLMT}). {MLMT} revealed a total of 121 different genotypes with 91 unique genotypes and 30 repeated genotypes. {S}ubstantial genetic diversity was found with a strong genetic differentiation between the {L}eishmania populations from {AM} and {P}. {H}owever, exchanges were observed between these two endemic areas in which it seems that strains spread from {AM} to {P}. {T}he genetic differentiations in these areas suggest strong epidemiological structuring. {A} model-based analysis using {STRUCTURE} revealed two main populations: population {A} (consisting of samples primarily from the {P} and {AM} endemic areas with {MON}-1 and non-{MON}-1 strains) and population {B} consisting of only {MON}-1 strains essentially from the {AM} endemic area. {F}or four patients, we observed several isolates from different biological samples which provided insight into disease relapse and re-infection. {T}hese findings shed light on the transmission dynamics of parasites in humans. {H}owever, further data are required to confirm this hypothesis based on a limited sample set. {T}his study represents the most extensive population analysis of {L}. infantum strains using {MLMT} conducted in {F}rance.},
  keywords = {{FRANCE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}los {N}eglected {T}ropical {D}iseases},
  volume = {10},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {art. no e0004303 [28 ]},
  ISSN = {1935-2735},
  year = {2016},
  DOI = {10.1371/journal.pntd.0004303},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010066747},
}