@article{fdi:010066228,
  title = {{E}ffectiveness of insecticidal nets on uncomplicated clinical malaria : a case-control study for operational evaluation},
  author = {{D}amien, {G}. {B}. and {D}jenontin, {A}. and {C}haffa, {E}. and {Y}amadjako, {S}. and {D}rame, {P}. {M}. and {N}dille, {E}. {E}. and {H}enry, {M}. {C}. and {C}orbel, {V}incent and {R}emou{\'e}, {F}ranck and {R}ogier, {C}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {I}n a context of large-scale implementation of malaria vector control tools, such as the distribution of long-lasting insecticide nets ({LLIN}), it is necessary to regularly assess whether strategies are progressing as expected and then evaluate their effectiveness. {T}he present study used the case-control approach to evaluate the effectiveness of {LLIN} 42 months after national wide distribution. {T}his study design offers an alternative to cohort study and randomized control trial as it permits to avoid many ethical issues inherent to them. {M}ethods: {F}rom {A}pril to {A}ugust 2011, a case-control study was conducted in two health districts in {B}enin; {O}uidah-{K}pomasse-{T}ori ({OKT}) in the south and {D}jougou-{C}opargo-{O}uake ({DCO}) in the north. {C}hildren aged 0-60 months randomly selected from community were included. {C}ases were children with a high axillary temperature (>= 37.5 degrees {C}) or a reported history of fever during the last 48 h with a positive rapid diagnostic test ({RDT}). {C}ontrols were children with neither fever nor signs suggesting malaria with a negative {RDT}. {T}he necessary sample size was at least 396 cases and 1188 controls from each site. {T}he main exposure variable was "sleeping every night under an {LLIN} for the 2 weeks before the survey" ({SL}). {T}he protective effectiveness ({PE}) of {LLIN} was calculated as {PE} = 1 - odds ratio. {R}esults: {T}he declared {SL} range was low, with 17.0 and 27.5 % in cases and controls in the {OKT} area, and 44.9 and 56.5 % in cases and controls, in the {DCO} area, respectively. {T}he declared {SL} conferred 40.5 % (95 % {CI} 22.2-54.5 %) and 55.5 % (95 % {CI} 28.2-72.4 %) protection against uncomplicated malaria in the {OKT} and the {DCO} areas, respectively. {S}ignificant differences in {PE} were observed according to the mother's education level. {C}onclusion: {I}n the context of a mass distribution of {LLIN}, their use still conferred protection in up to 55 % against the occurrence of clinical malaria cases in children. {S}ocial factors, the poor use and the poor condition of an {LLIN} can be in disfavour with its effectiveness. {I}n areas, where {LLIN} coverage is assumed to be universal or targeted at high-risk populations, case-control studies should be regularly conducted to monitor the effectiveness of {LLIN}. {T}he findings will help {N}ational {M}alaria {C}ontrol {P}rogramme and their partners to improve the quality of malaria control according to the particularity of each area or region as far as possible.},
  keywords = {{E}ffectiveness ; {C}ase-control study ; {E}valuation ; {M}alaria ; {LLIN} ; {BENIN}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{M}alaria {J}ournal},
  volume = {15},
  numero = {},
  pages = {art. 102 [13 p.]},
  ISSN = {1475-2875},
  year = {2016},
  DOI = {10.1186/s12936-016-1156-2},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010066228},
}