Horizon 1 1 17 ACL : Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture répertoriées par l'AERES Nature Genetics 1435-1442 + 3 p. d'annexes : online methods 2015 fdi:010065534 ENG Nature Genetics 1061-4036 ISI:000365813200015 12 10.1038/ng.3435 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010065534 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/intranet/publi/2015/12/010065534.pdf 47 Horizon (IRD) Pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) is the most economically valuable crop possessing crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM), a photosynthetic carbon assimilation pathway with high water-use efficiency, and the second most important tropical fruit. We sequenced the genomes of pineapple varieties F153 and MD2 and a wild pineapple relative, Ananas bracteatus accession CB5. The pineapple genome has one fewer ancient whole-genome duplication event than sequenced grass genomes and a conserved karyotype with seven chromosomes from before the. duplication event. The pineapple lineage has transitioned from C-3 photosynthesis to CAM, with CAM-related genes exhibiting a diel expression pattern in photosynthetic tissues. CAM pathway genes were enriched with cis-regulatory elements associated with the regulation of circadian clock genes, providing the first cis-regulatory link between CAM and circadian clock regulation. Pineapple CAM photosynthesis evolved by the reconfiguration of pathways in C-3 plants, through the regulatory neofunctionalization of preexisting genes and not through the acquisition of neofunctionalized genes via whole-genome or tandem gene duplication. 076 UR232 Chine