Nikolic N. auteur aut IRD Duthoy S. auteur aut IRD Destombes A. auteur aut IRD Bodin Nathalie auteur aut IRD West W. auteur aut IRD Puech A. auteur aut IRD Bourjea J. auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf reformatted digital access Recent developments in sequencing technologies and bioinformatics analysis provide a greater amount of DNA sequencing reads at a low cost. Microsatellites are the markers of choice for a variety of population genetic studies, and high quality markers can be discovered in non-model organisms, such as tuna, with these recent developments. Here, we use a high-throughput method to isolate microsatellite markers in albacore tuna, Thunnus alalunga, based on coupling multiplex enrichment and next-generation sequencing on 454 GS-FLX Titanium pyrosequencing. The crucial minimum number of polymorphic markers to infer evolutionary and ecological processes for this species has been described for the first time. We provide 1670 microsatellite design primer pairs, and technical and molecular genetics selection resulting in 43 polymorphic microsatellite markers. On this panel, we characterized 34 random and selectively neutralmarkers ("neutral") and 9 "non-neutral" markers. The variability of "neutral" markers was screened with 136 individuals of albacore tuna from southwest Indian Ocean (42), northwest Indian Ocean (31), South Africa (31), and southeast Atlantic Ocean (32). Power analysis demonstrated that the panel of genetic markers can be applied in diversity and population genetics studies. Global genetic diversity for albacore was high with a mean number of alleles at 16.94; observed heterozygosity 66% and expected heterozygosity 77%. The number of individuals was insufficient to provide accurate results on differentiation. Of the 9 "non-neutral" markers, 3 were linked to a sequence of known function. The one is located to a sequence having an immunity function (ThuAla-Tcell-01) and the other to a sequence having energy allocation function (ThuAla-Hki-01). These two markers were genotyped on the 136 individuals and presented different diversity levels. ThuAla-Tcell-01 has a high number of alleles (20), heterozygosity (87-90%), and assignment index. ThuAla-Hki-01 has a lower number of alleles (9), low heterozygosity (24-27%), low assignment index and significant inbreeding. Finally, the 34 "neutral" and 3 "non-neutral" microsatellites markers were tested on four economically important Scombridae species-Thunnus albacares, Thunnus thynnus, Thunnus obesus, and Acanthocybium solandri. specialized OCEAN INDIEN OUEST ATLANTIQUE SUD EST AFRIQUE DU SUD SEYCHELLES 040 034 020 10 11 e0141830 [22 p.] 2015 1932-6203 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010065468 10.1371/journal.pone.0141830 1932-6203 [F B010065468] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010065468 https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers16-01/010065468.pdf IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2016-01-14 2017-08-23 fdi:010065468 fre