@article{fdi:010065410,
  title = {{S}nakebite is under appreciated : appraisal of burden from {W}est {A}frica},
  author = {{H}abib, {A}. {G}. and {K}uznik, {A}. and {H}amza, {M}. and {A}bdullahi, {M}. {I}. and {C}hedi, {B}. {A}. and {C}hippaux, {J}ean-{P}hilippe and {W}arrell, {D}. {A}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground {S}nakebite envenoming ({SBE}) is a major problem in rural areas of {W}est {A}frica ({WA}). {C}ompared to other {N}eglected {T}ropical {D}iseases ({NTD}), the public health burden of {SBE} has not been well characterized. {W}e estimated the impact of snakebite mortality and morbidity using the {D}isability {A}djusted {L}ife {Y}ears ({DALY}s) metrics for 16 countries in {WA}. {M}ethods {W}e used the reported annual number of {SB} deaths and mean age at time of {SB} and converted these into years of life lost ({YLL}). {S}imilarly, the years of life lived with disability ({YLD}) were estimated by multiplying the number of amputations by the respective disability weight of 0.13. {R}esults {I}n {WA}, the annual cases of {SB} mortality and amputations ranged from 24 (95% {C}onfidence {I}nterval: 19-29) and 28 (17-48) respectively in {G}uinea-{B}issau with the highest estimates of 1927 (1529-2333) and 2368 (1506-4043) respectively in {N}igeria. {W}e calculated that the annual {DALY}s associated with a {SB} death ranged from 1550 {DALY}s (95% {CI}: 1227-1873 {DALY}s) in {G}uinea {B}issau to 124,484 {DALY}s (95% {CI}: 98,773-150,712 {DALY}s) in {N}igeria. {T}he annual {DALY}s associated with amputation for the two countries were 149 {DALY}s (95% {CI}: 91-256 {DALY}s) and 12,621 {DALY}s (95% {CI}: 8027-21,549 {DALY}s) respectively. {T}he total burden of {SBE} was estimated at 319,874 {DALY}s (95% {CI}: 248,357-402,654 {DALY}s) in the 16 countries in {WA}. {T}hese estimates are similar, and in some instances even higher, than for other {NTD}s encountered in {WA} (e.g., {B}uruli ulcer, {E}chinococcosis, {I}ntestinal {N}ematode {I}nfections, {L}eishmaniasis, {O}nchocerchiasis, {T}rachoma and {T}rypanosomiasis) as reported in the {G}lobal {B}urden of {D}iseases 2010 ({GBD}). {C}onclusions {T}he public health burden of {SBE} in {WA} is very substantial and similar to other more widely recognized {NTD}s. {E}fforts and funding commensurate with its burden should be made available for the control of snakebite in the sub-region.},
  keywords = {{AFRIQUE} {DE} {L}'{OUEST} ; {BENIN} ; {BURKINA} {FASO} ; {CAMEROUN} ; {TCHAD} ; {COTE} {D}'{IVOIRE} ; {GAMBIE} ; {GHANA} ; {GUINEE} {BISSAU} ; {GUINEE} ; {LIBERIA} ; {MALI} ; {NIGER} ; {NIGERIA} ; {SENEGAL} ; {SIERRA} {LEONE} ; {TOGO}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}los {N}eglected {T}ropical {D}iseases},
  volume = {9},
  numero = {9},
  pages = {e0004088 [8 p.]},
  ISSN = {1935-2735},
  year = {2015},
  DOI = {10.1371/journal.pntd.0004088},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010065410},
}