@article{fdi:010064183,
  title = {{A}ssessment of infections with microsporidia and {C}ryptosporidium spp. in fecal samples from wild primate populations from {C}ameroon and {D}emocratic {R}epublic of {C}ongo},
  author = {{B}utel, {C}hristelle and {M}undeke, {S}. {A}. and {D}rakulovski, {P}. and {K}rasteva, {D}. and {N}gole, {E}. {M}. and {M}allie, {M}. and {D}elaporte, {E}ric and {P}eeters, {M}artine and {L}ocatelli, {S}abrina},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{S}imian immunodeficiency virus ({SIV}) infects many primate species. {C}himpanzees ({P}an troglodytes) can develop an immune disease similar to human acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ({AIDS}). {I}mmunosuppressed patients often suffer from opportunistic diseases such as microsporidiosis and cryptosporidiosis. {W}e report on the occurrence of infections with microsporidia and {C}ryptosporidium spp. in wild-living chimpanzees, gorillas ({G}orilla gorilla gorilla), bonobos ({P}an paniscus), and four monkey species from the {C}ercopithecinae subfamily ({C}ercocebus agilis, {C}ercopithecus cephus, {C}ercopithecus nictitans, and {L}ophocebus albigena) and assess whether these infections may be good indicators of {SIV}-related immunosuppression. {W}e analyzed 399 fecal samples collected in {C}ameroon and {D}emocratic {R}epublic of {C}ongo for the presence of cross-reactive {HIV} antibodies using a line immunoassay ({INNO}-{LIAA} ({R})). {W}e amplified via polymerase chain reaction ({PCR}) a 200-500 bp {DNA} fragment for the genus {E}ncephalitozoon and the genus {E}nterocytozoon respectively (microsporidia), and an 820 bp {DNA} fragment of various {C}ryptosporidium species. {T}wenty-nine percent (45/155) of the chimpanzees samples analyzed were {SIV}+, whereas samples from the other primate species were {SIV}-. {P}hylogenetic analyses showed that 11 fecal samples [one {SIV}+, four {SIV}- chimpanzees, three gorillas, a bonobo, an agile mangabey ({C}ercocebus agilis), and a moustached monkey ({C}ercopithecus cephus)] are infected with microsporidia. {DNA} sequences of amplicons derived from eight fecal samples clustered together with {E}ncephalitozoon hellem and three branched close to {E}. intestinalis. {W}e also amplified {C}ryptosporidium spp. in two {SIV}+ chimpanzee samples and in two gorilla samples. {W}e found no significant association between {SIV} infection status in chimpanzees and the presence of microsporidia or {C}ryptosporidium, suggesting that detection of microsporidia and {C}ryptosporidium is not a reliable marker for immunosuppressive status in {SIV}-infected primates.},
  keywords = {{A}frica ; {AIDS} ; {A}pes ; {M}arker ; {P}arasite ; {CAMEROUN} ; {REPUBLIQUE} {DEMOCRATIQUE} {DU} {CONGO}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{I}nternational {J}ournal of {P}rimatology},
  volume = {36},
  numero = {2},
  pages = {227--243},
  ISSN = {0164-0291},
  year = {2015},
  DOI = {10.1007/s10764-015-9820-x},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010064183},
}