Pandey A. auteur aut IRD Atkins K. E. auteur aut IRD Bucheton Bruno auteur aut IRD Camara M. auteur aut IRD Aksoy S. auteur aut IRD Galvani A. P. auteur aut IRD Ndeffo-Mbah M. L. auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf reformatted digital access Background: Human African Trypanosomiasis threatens human health across Africa. The subspecies T.b. gambiense is responsible for the vast majority of reported HAT cases. Over the past decade, expanded control efforts accomplished a substantial reduction in HAT transmission, spurring the WHO to include Gambian HAT on its roadmap for 2020 elimination. To inform the implementation of this elimination goal, we evaluated the likelihood that current control interventions will achieve the 2020 target in Boffa prefecture in Guinea, which has one of the highest prevalences for HAT in the country, and where vector control measures have been implemented in combination with the traditional screen and treat strategy. Methods: We developed a three-species mathematical model of HAT and used a Bayesian melding approach to calibrate the model to epidemiological and entomological data from Boffa. From the calibrated model, we generated the probabilistic predictions regarding the likelihood that the current HAT control programs could achieve elimination by 2020 in Boffa. Results: Our model projections indicate that if annual vector control is implemented in combination with annual or biennial active case detection and treatment, the probability of eliminating HAT as public health problem in Boffa by 2020 is over 90%. Annual implementation of vector control alone has a significant impact but a decreased chance of reaching the objective (77%). However, if the ongoing control efforts are interrupted, HAT will continue to remain a public health problem. In the presence of a non-human animal transmission reservoir, intervention strategies must be maintained at high coverage, even after 2020 elimination, to prevent HAT reemerging as a public health problem. Conclusions: Complementing active screening and treatment with vector control has the potential to achieve the elimination target before 2020 in the Boffa focus. However, surveillance must continue after elimination to prevent reemergence. specialized Human African trypanosomiasis Active surveillance Vector control Disease elimination WHO 2020 goals Tsetse target Mathematical model GUINEE 052 020 8 art. 550 [10 p.] 2015 1756-3305 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:01006409 10.1186/s13071-015-1121-x 1756-3305 [F B010065409] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:01006409 https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers17-10/010065409.pdf IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2015-12-04 2025-09-16 fdi:01006409 fre