D'Arc M. auteur aut IRD Ayouba Ahidjo auteur aut IRD Esteban Amandine auteur aut IRD Learn G. H. auteur aut IRD Boue V. auteur aut IRD Liégeois Florian auteur aut IRD Etienne L. auteur aut IRD Tagg N. auteur aut IRD Leendertz F. H. auteur aut IRD Boesch C. auteur aut IRD Madinda N. F. auteur aut IRD Robbins M. M. auteur aut IRD Gray M. auteur aut IRD Cournil Amandine auteur aut IRD Ooms M. auteur aut IRD Letko M. auteur aut IRD Simon V. A. auteur aut IRD Sharp P. M. auteur aut IRD Hahn B. H. auteur aut IRD Delaporte Eric auteur aut IRD Ngole E. M. auteur aut IRD Peeters Martine auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf born digital access HIV-1, the cause of AIDS, is composed of four phylogenetic lineages, groups M, N, O, and P, each of which resulted from an independent cross-species transmission event of simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) infecting African apes. Although groups M and N have been traced to geographically distinct chimpanzee communities in southern Cameroon, the reservoirs of groups O and P remain unknown. Here, we screened fecal samples fromwestern lowland (n = 2,611), eastern lowland (n = 103), and mountain (n = 218) gorillas for gorilla SIV (SIVgor) antibodies and nucleic acids. Despite testing wild troops throughout southern Cameroon (n = 14), northern Gabon (n = 16), the Democratic Republic of Congo (n = 2), and Uganda (n = 1), SIVgor was identified at only four sites in southern Cameroon, with prevalences ranging from 0.8-22%. Amplification of partial and full-length SIVgor sequences revealed extensive genetic diversity, but all SIVgor strains were derived from a single lineage within the chimpanzee SIV (SIVcpz) radiation. Two fully sequenced gorilla viruses from southwestern Cameroon were very closely related to, and likely represent the source population of, HIV-1 group P. Most of the genome of a third SIVgor strain, from central Cameroon, was very closely related to HIV-1 group O, again pointing to gorillas as the immediate source. Functional analyses identified the cytidine deaminase APOBEC3G as a barrier for chimpanzee-to-gorilla, but not gorilla-to-human, virus transmission. These data indicate that HIV-1 group O, which spreads epidemically in west central Africa and is estimated to have infected around 100,000 people, originated by cross-species transmission from western lowland gorillas. specialized AIDS HIV-1 gorilla SIVgor zoonotic transmission CAMEROUN GABON OUGANDA 052 080 112 11 E1343-E1352 2015 0027-8424 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010064059 10.1073/pnas.1502022112 0027-8424 [F B010064059] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010064059 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/intranet/publi/2015/04/010064059.pdf Accès réservé (Intranet de l'IRD) IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2015-05-04 2025-02-27 fdi:010064059 fre