Deas M. auteur aut IRD Andréfouët Serge auteur aut IRD Léopold Marc auteur aut IRD Guillemot Nicolas auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf reformatted digital access Numerous threats impact coral reefs and conservation actions are urgently needed. Fast production of marine habitat maps promotes the use of habitat-only conservation plans, where a given percentage of the area of each habitat is set as conservation objectives. However, marine reserves can impact access to fishing grounds and generate opportunity costs for fishers that need to be minimized. In New Caledonia (Southwest Pacific), we used fine-scale fishery catch maps to define nineteen opportunity costs layers (expressed as biomass catch loss) considering i) total catches, ii) target fish families, iii) local marine tenure, and iv) gear type. The expected lower impacts on fishery catch when using the different cost constraints were ranked according to effectiveness in decreasing the costs generated by the habitat-only scenarios. The exercise was done for two habitat maps with different thematic richness. In most cases, habitat conservation objectives remained achievable, but effectiveness varied widely between scenarios and between habitat maps. The results provide practical guidelines for coral reef conservation and management. Habitat-only scenarios can be used to initiate conservation projects with stakeholders but the costs induced by such scenarios can be lowered by up to 50-60% when detailed exhaustive fishery data are used. When using partial data, the gain would be only in the 15-25% range. The best compromises are achieved when using local data. specialized NOUVELLE CALEDONIE 040 036 9 5 e97409 2014 1932-6203 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010062434 10.1371/journal.pone.0097409 1932-6203 [F B010062434] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010062434 https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers17-08/010062434.pdf IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2014-10-02 2017-09-06 fdi:010062434 fre