Horizon 1 1 17 ACL : Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture répertoriées par l'AERES Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 269-276 Antivenom Argentina Bothrops Crotalus Micrurus Snakebite ARGENTINE 2014 fdi:010061978 ENG Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 0035-9203 ISI:000334754200006 5 10.1093/trstmh/tru038 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010061978 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/intranet/publi/2014/05/010061978.pdf 108 Horizon (IRD) Background: The incidence and case fatality rate of snakebite in Argentina are poorly known. Methods: The authors used questionnaires provided with antivenoms by the primary manufacturer of anti-venoms in Argentina. Results: A total of 8083 completed questionnaires was collected between 1978 and 1998. The annual incidence of snakebite was 1.8 bites per 100 000 inhabitants, with a high geographical heterogeneity; in the northern provinces of the country, the incidence can exceed 150 snakebites per 100 000 people per year. Bothrops (pit viper) bites predominated, accounting for 96.6 (6720/6957) of envenomations, bites from Crotalus (rattlesnake) accounted for 2.8 (195/6957), and bites from Micrurus (coral snake) for 0.6 (42/6957). Most patients were young men, who were generally bitten during agricultural activities, i.e. while working in the fields. Most snakebites (78.9, 5852/7419) were to the lower limb, including 58.3 (4322/7419) to the foot. The case fatality rate was 0.04 (3/8083). Most envenomations (90, 7275/8083) were treated with specific antivenom during the first 4 h after the bite. The median dose of antivenom was two vials for viper bites (Bothrops and Crotalus) and three vials for Micrurus bites. Conclusion: These preliminary results should enable manufacturers to increase the availability of appropriate antivenom and health authorities to improve the management of snakebites where they are most common. 050 ; 080 UR216 Argentine