@article{fdi:010061162,
  title = {{B}ats carry pathogenic hepadnaviruses antigenically related to hepatitis {B} virus and capable of infecting human hepatocytes},
  author = {{D}rexler, {J}. {F}. and {G}eipel, {A}. and {K}onig, {A}. and {C}orman, {V}. {M}. and van {R}iel, {D}. and {L}eijten, {L}. {M}. and {B}remer, {C}. {M}. and {R}asche, {A}. and {C}ottontail, {V}. {M}. and {M}aganga, {G}. {D}. and {S}chlegel, {M}. and {M}uller, {M}. {A}. and {A}dam, {A}. and {K}lose, {S}. {M}. and {C}arneiro, {A}. {J}. {B}. and {S}tocker, {A}. and {F}ranke, {C}. {R}. and {G}loza-{R}ausch, {F}. and {G}eyer, {J}. and {A}nnan, {A}. and {A}du-{S}arkodie, {Y}. and {O}ppong, {S}. and {B}inger, {T}. and {V}allo, {P}. and {T}schapka, {M}. and {U}lrich, {R}. {G}. and {G}erlich, {W}. {H}. and {L}eroy, {E}ric and {K}uiken, {T}. and {G}lebe, {D}. and {D}rosten, {C}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he hepatitis {B} virus ({HBV}), family {H}epadnaviridae, is one of most relevant human pathogens. {HBV} origins are enigmatic, and no zoonotic reservoirs are known. {H}ere, we screened 3,080 specimens from 54 bat species representing 11 bat families for hepadnaviral {DNA}. {T}en specimens (0.3%) from {P}anama and {G}abon yielded unique hepadnaviruses in coancestral relation to {HBV}. {F}ull genome sequencing allowed classification as three putative orthohepadnavirus species based on genome lengths (3,149-3,377 nt), presence of middle {HBV} surface and {X}-protein genes, and sequence distance criteria. {H}epatic tropism in bats was shown by quantitative {PCR} and in situ hybridization. {I}nfected livers showed histopathologic changes compatible with hepatitis. {H}uman hepatocytes transfected with all three bat viruses cross-reacted with sera against the {HBV} core protein, concordant with the phylogenetic relatedness of these hepadnaviruses and {HBV}. {O}ne virus from {U}roderma bilobatum, the tent-making bat, cross-reacted with monoclonal antibodies against the {HBV} antigenicity determining {S} domain. {U}p to 18.4% of bat sera contained antibodies against bat hepadnaviruses. {I}nfectious clones were generated to study all three viruses in detail. {H}epatitis {D} virus particles pseudotyped with surface proteins of {U}. bilobatum {HBV}, but neither of the other two viruses could infect primary human and {T}upaia belangeri hepatocytes. {H}epatocyte infection occurred through the human {HBV} receptor sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide but could not be neutralized by sera from vaccinated humans. {A}ntihepadnaviral treatment using an approved reverse transcriptase inhibitor blocked replication of all bat hepadnaviruses. {O}ur data suggest that bats may have been ancestral sources of primate hepadnaviruses. {T}he observed zoonotic potential might affect concepts aimed at eradicating {HBV}.},
  keywords = {evolution ; zoonosis ; virome ; metagenomics ; reverse genetics ; {PANAMA} ; {GABON} ; {BRESIL} ; {GHANA} ; {ALLEMAGNE} ; {PAPOUASIE} {NOUVELLE} {GUINEE} ; {AUSTRALIE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}roceedings of the {N}ational {A}cademy of {S}ciences of the {U}nited {S}tates of {A}merica},
  volume = {110},
  numero = {40},
  pages = {16151--16156},
  ISSN = {0027-8424},
  year = {2013},
  DOI = {10.1073/pnas.1308049110},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010061162},
}