@article{fdi:010060792,
  title = {{T}he transmembrane domain of {HIV}-1 {V}pu is sufficient to confer anti-tetherin activity to {SIV}cpz and {SIV}gor {V}pu proteins : cytoplasmic determinants of {V}pu function},
  author = {{K}luge, {S}. {F}. and {S}auter, {D}. and {V}ogl, {M}. and {P}eeters, {M}artine and {L}i, {Y}. {Y}. and {B}ibollet-{R}uche, {F}. and {H}ahn, {B}. {H}. and {K}irchhoff, {F}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {T}he acquisition of effective {V}pu-mediated anti-tetherin activity to promote virion release following transmission of {SIV}cpz{P}tt from central chimpanzees ({P}an troglodytes troglodytes) to humans distinguishes pandemic {HIV}-1 group {M} strains from non-pandemic group {N}, {O} and {P} viruses and may have been a prerequisite for their global spread. {S}ome functional motifs in the cytoplasmic region of {HIV}-1 {M} {V}pus proposed to be important for anti-tetherin activity are more frequently found in the {V}pu proteins of {SIV}cpz{P}tt than in those of {SIV}cpz{P}ts infecting eastern chimpanzees ({P}. t. schweinfurthii), that have not been detected in humans, and {SIV}gor from gorillas, which is closely related to {HIV}-1 {O} and {P}. {T}hus, {SIV}cpz{P}tt strains may require fewer adaptive changes in {V}pu than {SIV}cpz{P}ts or {SIV}gor strains to counteract human tetherin. {R}esults: {T}o examine whether {SIV}cpz{P}tt may only need changes in the transmembrane domain ({TMD}) of {V}pu to acquire anti-tetherin activity, whereas {SIV}cpz{P}ts and {SIV}gor may also require changes in the cytoplasmic region, we analyzed chimeras between the {TMD} of an {HIV}-1 {M} {V}pu and the cytoplasmic domains of {SIV}cpz{P}tt (n = 2), {SIV}cpz{P}ts (n = 2) and {SIV}gor (n = 2) {V}pu proteins. {U}nexpectedly, all of these chimeras were capable of counteracting human tetherin to enhance virion release, irrespective of the presence or absence of the putative adaptor protein binding sites and the {DSG}xx{S} beta-{T}r{CP} binding motif reported to be critical for effective anti-tetherin activity of {M} {V}pus. {I}t was also surprising that in three of the six chimeras the gain of anti-tetherin function was associated with a loss of the {CD}4 degradation activity since this function was conserved among all parental {HIV}-1, {SIV}cpz and {SIV}gor {V}pu proteins. {C}onclusions: {O}ur results show that changes in the {TMD} of {SIV}cpz{P}tt, {SIV}cpz{P}ts and {SIV}gor {V}pus are sufficient to render them active against human tetherin. {T}hus, several previously described domains in the extracellular region of {V}pu are not absolutely essential for tetherin antagonism but may be required for other {V}pu functions.},
  keywords = {},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{R}etrovirology},
  volume = {10},
  numero = {},
  pages = {32},
  ISSN = {1742-4690},
  year = {2013},
  DOI = {10.1186/1742-4690-10-32},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010060792},
}