@article{fdi:010060776,
  title = {{R}ecent advances in the cryopreservation of shoot-derived germplasm of economically important fruit trees of {A}ctinidia, {D}iospyros, {M}alus, {O}lea, {P}runus, {P}yrus and {V}itis},
  author = {{B}enelli, {C}. and {D}e {C}arlo, {A}. and {E}ngelmann, {F}lorent},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}his paper presents the advances made over the last decade in cryopreservation of economically important vegetatively propagated fruit trees. {C}ryopreservation protocols have been established using both dormant buds sampled on field-grown plants and shoot tips sampled on in vitro plantlets. {I}n the case of dormant buds, scions are partially dehydrated by storage at -5 degrees {C}, and then cooled slowly to -30 degrees {C} using low cooling rates (c.a. 1 degrees {C}/h) before immersion in liquid nitrogen. {A}fter slow rewarming and rehydration of samples, regrowth takes place either through grafting of buds on rootstocks or excision of apices and inoculation in vitro. {I}n the case of shoot tips of in vitro plantlets, the cryopreservation techniques employed are the following: controlled rate cooling procedures involving slow prefreezing followed by immersion in liquid nitrogen or vitrification-based procedures including encapsulation-dehydration, vitrification, encapsulation-vitrification and droplet-vitrification. {T}he current status of cryopreservation for a series of fruit tree species including {A}ctinidia, {D}iospyros, {M}obs, {O}lea, {P}runus, {P}yrus and {V}itis is presented. {R}outine application of cryopreservation for long-term germplasm storage in genebanks is currently limited to apple and pear, for which large cryopreserved collections have been established at {NCGRP}, {F}ort {C}ollins ({USA}), using dormant buds and in vitro shoot tips, respectively. {H}owever, there are a growing number of examples of pilot scale testing experiments under way for different species in various countries. {P}rogress in the further development and application of cryopreservation techniques will be made through a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the induction of tolerance to dehydration and ctyopreservation in frozen explants.},
  keywords = {{B}iotechnology ; {G}enetic resources ; {C}ryopreservation ; {F}ruit trees ; {S}hoot-tips ; {D}ormant buds ; {C}ryotherapy},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{B}iotechnology {A}dvances},
  volume = {31},
  numero = {2},
  pages = {175--185},
  ISSN = {0734-9750},
  year = {2013},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.09.004},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010060776},
}