@incollection{fdi:010060249,
  title = {{P}yroclastic density currents},
  author = {{R}oche, {O}livier and {P}hillips, {J}.{C}. and {K}elfoun, {K}arim},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}his chapter summarizes the principal experimental and theoretical approaches used to investigate the physics of pyroclastic density currents ({PDC}s), which are gravity driven hot gas–particle mixtures commonly generated during explosive volcanic eruptions. {PDC} behavior ranges from pyroclastic surges, which are dilute turbulent suspensions, to pyroclastic flows, which are dense (fluidized) granular avalanches. {M}ost {PDC}s consist of a coupled basal flow and an overriding surge, which renders their physics particularly complex. {E}xperiments and phenomenological theory have been used to characterize the propagation and deposition mechanisms of {PDC}s. {M}ost work has used turbulent gravity currents as an analogue to dilute {PDC}s and has provided fundamental insight into propagation and deposition dynamics and mixing with their surroundings. {D}ense {PDC}s have been investigated as granular and fluidized flows, and these studies have provided insight into deposit lev{\'e}e-channel morphology typical of coarse-grained flows, shown that fines-rich flows may behave as inertial fluid currents, and suggested that deposits of {PDC}s may form by aggradation. {N}umerical formulations ranging from continuum depth-averaged to discrete element models have been used to simulate {PDC} emplacement on real topographies and are fundamental in the context of volcanic hazard assessment and mitigation.},
  keywords = {{VOLCANISME} ; {ROCHE} {VOLCANIQUE} ; {PYROCLASTITE} ; {PROPRIETE} {PHYSIQUE} ; {PROPAGATION} ; {DYNAMIQUE} ; {MODELE} {MATHEMATIQUE} ; {ERUPTION} {VOLCANIQUE}},
  booktitle = {{M}odeling volcanic processes : : the physics and mathematics of volcanism},
  numero = {},
  pages = {203--229},
  address = {{C}ambridge},
  publisher = {{C}ambridge {U}niversity {P}ress},
  series = {},
  year = {2013},
  DOI = {10.1017/{CBO}9781139021562.010},
  ISBN = {978-0-521-89543-9},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010060249},
}