@article{fdi:010058934,
  title = {{A}ssessment of {A}nopheles salivary antigens as individual exposure biomarkers to species-specific malaria vector bites},
  author = {{A}li, {Z}. {M}. {I}. and {B}akli, {M}. and {F}ontaine, {A}. and {B}akkali, {N}. and {H}ai, {V}. {V}. and {A}udebert, {S}. and {B}oublik, {Y}. and {P}ages, {F}. and {R}emou{\'e}, {F}ranck and {R}ogier, {C}. and {F}raisier, {C}. and {A}lmeras, {L}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {M}alaria transmission occurs during the blood feeding of infected anopheline mosquitoes concomitant with a saliva injection into the vertebrate host. {I}n sub-{S}aharan {A}frica, most malaria transmission is due to {A}nopheles funestus s.s and to {A}nopheles gambiae s.l. (mainly {A}nopheles gambiae s.s. and {A}nopheles arabiensis). {S}everal studies have demonstrated that the immune response against salivary antigens could be used to evaluate individual exposure to mosquito bites. {T}he aim of this study was to assess the use of secreted salivary proteins as specific biomarkers of exposure to {A}n. gambiae and/or {A}n. funestus bites. {M}ethods: {F}or this purpose, salivary gland proteins 6 ({SG}6) and 5 ' nucleotidases (5 ' nuc) from {A}n. gambiae (g{SG}6 and g-5 ' nuc) and {A}n. funestus (f{SG}6 and f-5 ' nuc) were selected and produced in recombinant form. {T}he specificity of the {I}g{G} response against these salivary proteins was tested using an {ELISA} with sera from individuals living in three {S}enegalese villages ({ND}iop, n = 50; {D}ielmo, n = 38; and {D}iama, n = 46) that had been exposed to distinct densities and proportions of the {A}nopheles species. {I}ndividuals who had not been exposed to these tropical mosquitoes were used as controls ({M}arseille, n = 45). {R}esults: {T}he {I}g{G} responses against {SG}6 recombinant proteins from these two {A}nopheles species and against g-5 ' nucleotidase from {A}n. gambiae, were significantly higher in {S}enegalese individuals compared with controls who were not exposed to specific {A}nopheles species. {C}onversely, an association was observed between the level of {A}n. funestus exposure and the serological immune response levels against the f-5 ' nucleotidase protein. {C}onclusion: {T}his study revealed an {A}nopheles salivary antigenic protein that could be considered to be a promising antigenic marker to distinguish malaria vector exposure at the species level. {T}he epidemiological interest of such species-specific antigenic markers is discussed.},
  keywords = {{A}nopheles gambiae ; {A}nopheles funestus ; {A}ntigenic salivary proteins ; {SG}6 ; 5 ' nucleotidase ; {E}xposure biomarkers ; {E}pidemiology ; {AFRIQUE} {SUBSAHARIENNE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{M}alaria {J}ournal},
  volume = {11},
  numero = {},
  pages = {439},
  ISSN = {1475-2875},
  year = {2012},
  DOI = {10.1186/1475-2875-11-439},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010058934},
}