Bradford J. auteur aut IRD Jaffré Tanguy auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf born digital access Two species of Pancheria (Cunoniaceae) described here, Pancheria minima J.C. Bradford and Pancheria ouaiemensis J.C. Bradford, draw attention to a recently recognized biodiversity pattern in New Caledonia. Montane maquis on acidic substrates, especially on the Roche Ouaieme, harbors numerous endemic species and is a rare and globally unique ecosystem. We cite 12 species, most described in the past several years, known only from the Roche Ouaieme in an area less than 10 km(2). Overall, 27 species are known only from montane maquis and currently not found in a well-protected area. The major local threat to montane maquis habitat is anthropogenic fire, with climate change a possible long-term problem. Those montane maquis species known from one or two localities, occupying very small areas, and with declining habitat quality are critically endangered or endangered based on IUCN Red List criteria. Adding the Roche Ouaieme to the reserve system of New Caledonia is recommended to protect and manage a representative area of montane maquis on acidic substrates. A research strategy is proposed to identify species most at risk, locate possible unknown areas of montane maquis, and update taxonomic knowledge. A review of characters that vary among Pancheria species is provided, and the inflorescence architecture is described and diagramed. Both new Pancheria species occur at upper elevations in shrubby habitats. P. minima is remarkable in that the size of plants, leaves and reproductive parts is highly reduced compared to other known species. specialized conservation critically endangered species Cunoniaceac edaphic endemism Maquis New Caledonia Pancheria minima JC Bradford Pancheria ouaimemsis JC Bradford red list schist tropical montane forest ultramatic NOUVELLE CALEDONIE 076 13 12 2253-2273 2004 0960-3115 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010058772 10.1023/B:BIOC.0000047901.33761.3c 0960-3115 [F B010058772] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010058772 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/intranet/publi/depot/2013-05-15/010058772.pdf Accès réservé (Intranet de l'IRD) IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2006-03-29 2018-03-02 fdi:010058772 fre