@article{fdi:010057928,
  title = {{M}ixed infections of trypanosomes in tsetse and pigs and their epidemiological significance in a sleeping sickness focus of {C}ote d'{I}voire},
  author = {{J}amonneau, {V}incent and {R}avel, {S}{\^o}phie and {K}offi, {M}. and {K}aba, {D}. and {Z}eze, {D}. {G}. and {N}dri, {L}. and {S}ane, {B}. and {C}oulibaly, {B}. and {C}uny, {G}{\'e}rard and {S}olano, {P}hilippe},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{I}n a sleeping sickness focus of {C}ote d'{I}voire, trypanosomes were characterized in humans, pigs and tsetse using various techniques. {O}ut of 74 patients, all the 43 stocks isolated by {KIVI} ({K}it for {I}n {V}itro {I}solation) appeared to belong to only one zymodeme of {T}rypanosoma brucei gambiense group 1 (the major zymodeme {Z}3). {T}he only stock isolated on rodents belonged to a different, new, zymodeme ({Z}50), of {T}. b. gambiense group 1. {F}rom 18 pigs sampled in the same locations as the patients, {PCR} showed a high proportion of mixed infections of {T}. brucei s. l. and {T}. congolense riverine-forest. {Z}ymodemes of {T}. brucei s. l. from these pigs were different from those found in humans. {F}rom a total of 16 260 captured tsetse ({G}lossina palpalis palpalis), 1701 were dissected and 28%, were found to be infected by trypanosomes. {T}he most prevalent trypanosome was {T}. congolense riverine-forest type, followed by {T}. {V}ivax, {T}. brucei s. l. and {T}. congolense savannah type, this latter being associated to the forest type of {T}. congolense in most cases. {M}ixed infections by 2 or 3 of these trypanosomes were also found. {U}se of a microsatellite marker allowed us to distinguish {T}. b. gambiense group {I} in some of the mature infections in tsetse. {D}ifferences in infection rates and in trypanosome genotypes according to the host might indicate that the pig malt not be an active animal reservoir for humans in this focus.},
  keywords = {sleeping sickness ; {C}ote d' {I}voire ; {T}rypanosoma ; tsetse ; microsatellite ; animal reservoir ; mixed infection ; {COTE} {D}'{IVOIRE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}arasitology},
  volume = {129},
  numero = {6},
  pages = {693--702},
  ISSN = {0031-1820},
  year = {2004},
  DOI = {10.1017/{S}0031182004005876},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010057928},
}