@article{fdi:010057307,
  title = {{APOL}1 expression is induced by {T}rypanosoma brucei gambiense infection but is not associated with differential susceptibility to sleeping sickness},
  author = {{I}lboudo, {H}. and {B}erthier, {D}. and {C}amara, {M}. and {C}amara, {O}. and {K}abore, {J}. and {L}eno, {M}. and {K}eletigui, {S}. and {C}hantal, {I}. and {J}amonneau, {V}incent and {B}elem, {A}. {M}. {G}. and {C}uny, {G}{\'e}rard and {B}ucheton, {B}runo},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{M}ost {A}frican trypanosome species are sensitive to trypanolytic factors ({TLF}s) present in human serum. {T}rypanosome lysis was demonstrated to be associated with apolipoprotein {L}-1 ({APOL}1). {T}rypanosoma brucei ({T}. b.) gambiense and {T}rypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, the two human infective trypanosome species, have both developed distinct resistance mechanisms to {APOL}1 mediated lysis. {W}hereas {T}. b. rhodesiense resistance is linked with the expression of the serum resistance associated ({SRA}) protein that interacts with {APOL}1 inside the parasite lysosome, inhibiting its lytic action; {T}. b. gambiense resistance is rather controlled by a reduced expression of the parasite {H}p{H}b receptor, limiting {APOL}1 absorption by trypanosomes. {B}ased on this last observation we hypothesised that variation in the host {APOL}1 environment could significantly alter {T}. b. gambiense growth and thus resistance/susceptibility to sleeping sickness. {T}o test this hypothesis, we have measured blood {APOL}1 relative expression in {HAT} patients, uninfected endemic controls and serologically positive subjects ({SERO} {TL}+) that are suspected to control infection to parasitological levels that are undetectable by the available test used in the field. {A}ll {RNA} samples were obtained from medical surveys led in the {HAT} mangrove foci of {C}oastal {G}uinea. {R}esults indicate that {APOL}1 expression is a complex trait dependant on a variety of factors that need to be taken into account in the analysis. {N}evertheless, multivariate analysis showed that {APOL}1 expression levels were significantly higher in both {HAT} and {SERO} {TL}+ subject as compared to endemic controls (p = 0.006). {T}his result suggests that {APOL}1 expression is likely induced by {T}. b. gambiense, but is not related to resistance/susceptibility in its human host.},
  keywords = {{H}uman {A}frican trypanosomiasis ; {A}polipoprotein {L}-1 ; {E}xpression ; {R}esistance/susceptibility},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{I}nfection {G}enetics and {E}volution},
  volume = {12},
  numero = {7},
  pages = {1519--1523},
  ISSN = {1567-1348},
  year = {2012},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.meegid.2012.05.010},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010057307},
}