@article{fdi:010057203,
  title = {{W}ater erosion-induced {CO}2 emissions from tilled and no-tilled soils and sediments},
  author = {{C}haplot, {V}incent and {M}c{H}unu, {C}. {N}. and {M}anson, {A}. and {L}orentz, {S}. and {J}ewitt, {G}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he acceleration of soil erosion by water in most regions of the world in response to the anthropogenic modification of landscapes is a serious threat to natural ecosystem functionalities because of the loss of invaluable constituents such as soil particles and organic carbon ({OC}). {W}hile soil {OC} erosion is likely to be a major component of the global {C} cycle, water erosion-induced {CO}2 emissions remain uncertain. {I}n this study, our main objective was to compare the release of {CO}2 from eroded topsoils and from the sediments exported by diffuse erosion during an entire rainy season. {C}onventional tillage ({CT}) and no-tillage ({NT}) maize treatments were considered in an attempt to set up best management practices to mitigate gaseous {OC} losses from agricultural soils. {T}he study was conducted in the {K}wa{Z}ulu-{N}atal province in {S}outh {A}frica, whereas in many other areas of the developing world, erosion is severe and crop residue scarcity is the main challenge. {CO}2 emissions from undisturbed 0-0.02 m soil samples collected within 2.25 m x 10 m runoff plots and from exported sediments by water erosion, were evaluated continuously at the laboratory over a 140-day period and compared to soil {OC} stocks. {NT} significantly reduced {CO}2 emissions from both soils and sediments. {O}verall {NT}, which exhibited a greater carbon density than {CT} (17.70 vs 13.19 kg {C} m(-3)), reduced soil gaseous emissions by 4.4% (10.40 vs 10.88 g{CO}(2)-{C} m(-2), {P} < 0.05) but had a much greater impact on the release of {CO}2 from eroded sediments (0.185 vs 0.778 g{CO}(2)-{C} m(-2)), which corresponded to a 76.3% decrease. {F}or {CT}, cumulative 141-day emissions were, 19% greater in sediments (0.048 g {CO}2-{C} g {C}-1) compared to soils (0.040 g{CO}(2)-{C} g {C}-1), while for {NT}, emissions were 33% lower in sediments (0.024 g {CO}2-{C} g {C}-1) compared to soils (0.032 g {CO}2-{C} g {C}-1), these differences being significant at {P} < 0.05. {T}he lower erosion-induced {CO}2 emissions under {NT} could be explained by a high soil aggregate stability (mean weight diameter of 2.29 +/- 0.05 mm for {NT} vs 1.59 +/- 0.07 mm for {CT}, {P} < 0.05) and the associated enhanced protection of {SOC} from the decomposers. {T}hese results on a land management control of water erosion-induced {CO}2 emissions, might allow improving the impact of terrestrial ecosystems on greenhouse gases concentration in the atmosphere and associated climate change.},
  keywords = {{C}limate change ; {G}lobal warming ; {L}and degradation ; {G}reenhouse gases ; {A}frica},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{A}griculture {E}cosystems and {E}nvironment},
  volume = {159},
  numero = {},
  pages = {62--69},
  ISSN = {0167-8809},
  year = {2012},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.agee.2012.06.008},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010057203},
}