Khamduang W. auteur aut IRD Gaudy-Graffin C. auteur aut IRD Ngo-Giang-Huong Nicole auteur aut IRD Jourdain Gonzague auteur aut IRD Moreau A. auteur aut IRD Luekamlung N. auteur aut IRD Halue G. auteur aut IRD Buranawanitchakorn Y. auteur aut IRD Kunkongkapan S. auteur aut IRD Buranabanjasatean S. auteur aut IRD Lallemant Marc auteur aut IRD Sirirungsi W. auteur aut IRD Goudeau A. auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf reformatted digital access Background: Approximately 4 million of people are co-infected with HIV and Hepatitis B virus (HBV). In resource-limited settings, the majority of HIV-infected patients initiate first-line highly active antiretroviral therapy containing lamivudine (3TC-containing-HAART) and long-term virological response of HBV to lamivudine-containing HAART in co-infected patients is not well known. Methodology/Principal Finding: HIV-HBV co-infected patients enrolled in the PHPT cohort (ClinicalTrials. gov NCT00433030) and initiating a 3TC-containing-HAART regimen were included. HBV-DNA, HIV-RNA, CD4+ T-cell counts and alanine transaminase were measured at baseline, 3 months, 12 months and then every 6 months up to 5 years. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate the cumulative rates of patients who achieved and maintained HBV-DNA suppression. Of 30 co-infected patients, 19 were positive for HBe antigen (HBeAg). At initiation of 3TC-containing-HAART, median HBV DNA and HIV RNA levels were 7.35 log10 IU/mL and 4.47 log10 copies/mL, respectively. At 12 months, 67% of patients achieved HBV DNA suppression: 100% of HBeAg-negative patients and 47% of HBeAg-positive. Seventy-three percent of patients had HIV RNA below 50 copies/mL. The cumulative rates of maintained HBV-DNA suppression among the 23 patients who achieved HBV-DNA suppression were 91%, 87%, and 80% at 1, 2, and 4 years respectively. Of 17 patients who maintained HBV-DNA suppression while still on 3TC, 4 (24%) lost HBsAg and 7 of 8 (88%) HBeAg-positive patients lost HBeAg at their last visit (median duration, 59 months). HBV breakthrough was observed only in HBeAg-positive patients and 6 of 7 patients presenting HBV breakthrough had the rtM204I/V mutations associated with 3TC resistance along with rtL180M and/or rtV173L. Conclusions: All HBeAg-negative patients and 63% of HBeAg-positive HIV-HBV co-infected patients achieved long-term HBV DNA suppression while on 3TC-containing-HAART. This study provides information useful for the management of co-infected patients in resource-limited countries where the vast majority of co-infected patients are currently receiving 3TC. specialized THAILANDE 050 052 7 7 e42184 2012 1932-6203 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010057143 10.1371/journal.pone.0042184 1932-6203 [F B010057143] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010057143 https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/divers17-09/010057143.pdf IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2012-10-03 2017-10-03 fdi:010057143 fre