@article{fdi:010057091,
  title = {{S}ingle nucleotide polymorphisms in beta-tubulin selected in {O}nchocerca volvulus following repeated ivermectin treatment : possible indication of resistance selection},
  author = {{N}ana-{D}jeunga, {H}. and {B}ourguinat, {C}. and {P}ion, {S}{\'e}bastien and {K}amgno, {J}. and {G}ardon, {J}acques and {N}jiokou, {F}. and {B}oussinesq, {M}ichel and {P}richard, {R}. {K}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he control of onchocerciasis or river blindness by mass treatment of the population with ivermectin ({IVM}) has been a great success until now, so that in certain foci its elimination has become feasible. {H}owever, after more than 20 years of repeated {IVM} mass treatment, the disease still persists in many endemic countries. {S}ub-optimal responses and genetic changes have been reported in {O}nchocerca volvulus populations under high {IVM} pressure but more work is needed to determine whether resistance is developing. {T}he situation needs to be urgently clarified to preserve the achievements of onchocerciasis control programs. {I}n this study, {O}. volvulus adult worms were collected from the same individuals, before {IVM} exposure and following three years of annual or three-monthly treatments at 150 mu g/kg or 800 mu g/kg. {F}our single nucleotide polymorphisms ({SNP}s) occurring in the beta-tubulin gene of these parasites were investigated. {W}e found changes in genotype frequencies in {O}. volvulus beta-tubulin gene associated with {IVM} treatments. {T}he {SNP} at position 1545 ({A}/{G}) showed a significant increase in frequency of the less common nucleotide in the female worms following treatment. {A}fter 13 three-monthly treatments, female worm homozygotes with the less common genotype, prior to treatment, increased in frequency. {T}he selected homozygotes, as well as heterozygotes, appeared to be less fertile (without or with very few embryonic stages in their uteri) than the wild-type homozygotes. {T}hese results provide additional evidence for genetic selection and strengthen the warning that selection for {IVM} resistance may be occurring in some {O}. volvulus populations.},
  keywords = {{I}vermectin ; {O}nchocerca volvulus ; beta-tubulin ; {SNP} ; {G}enetic selection ; {R}esistance marker},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{M}olecular and {B}iochemical {P}arasitology},
  volume = {185},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {10--18},
  ISSN = {0166-6851},
  year = {2012},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.molbiopara.2012.05.005},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010057091},
}