@article{fdi:010057064,
  title = {{B}iology and culture of the clown loach {C}hromobotia macracanthus ({C}ypriniformes, {C}obitidae) : 3- {O}ntogeny, ecological and aquacultural implications},
  author = {{B}aras, {E}tienne and {S}lembrouck, {J}acques and {P}riyadi, {A}. and {S}atyani, {D}. and {P}ouyaud, {L}aurent and {L}egendre, {M}arc},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{H}atchlings of clown loach (3.8 mm in total length, {TL}) are pelagic. {W}hen reared at 26-28 degrees {C}, they become benthic 3 days after hatching (dah), when their swim bladder is inflated. {T}he fin development sequence (pectorals < caudal < dorsal = anal < pelvic) is typical of the clade {O}stariophysi. {A}ll fins and finrays are fully elongated at 20 mm {TL}, but the finfold persists until 25-26 mm {TL} (start of juvenile stage). {M}elanophores appear at 3 dah, they form a 5-bar pattern at 5 dah, then two bars ({III} and {V}) vanish progressively, producing at 26 mm {TL} the 3-bar pattern that is typical of adults. {T}hroughout the ontogeny, the pigment pattern exhibits a structural regularity (bars spaced at regular intervals), which is interpreted in a functional perspective by reference to the maintaining of crypsis and signalling throughout. {E}xogenous feeding commences at 4 dah (5.5 mm {TL}). {F}ood intake ({FI}) increases rapidly, from 6% wet body mass ({WM}) at 5.5 mm {TL} to >20% {WM} in fish >7 mm {TL}. {G}ut evacuation rate ({R}-g) increases with increasing meal size and fish size, as a result of gut coiling (from 8 to 15 mm {TL}), and is highest at 11 mm {TL} (about 10% {WM} h(-1) in fish feeding maximally). {T}he allometric increase of {FI} and {R}-g during the early larval stages is accompanied by increasing capacities for growth, so early sizes differences amplify rapidly during the ontogeny. {N}evertheless, growth remains slow (mean of 0.4 mm {TL} day(-1) from 4 to 29 dah; 0.9 mm {TL} day(-1) for top growers). {B}y contrast, unfed fish display long resistance to starvation (until 14-15 dah). {T}he combination of slow growth and long resistance to starvation is discussed in respect to the reproductive phenology of the species, as the capacity of making metabolic economies prevails over fast growth for seasonal strategists spawning mainly at the start of the rainy season.},
  keywords = {{T}ropical freshwater fish ; {O}rnamental fish ; {C}lown loach ; {A}quaculture ; {O}ntogeny ; {P}igmentation ; {G}rowth ; {F}ood intake ; {SUMATERA}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{A}quatic {L}iving {R}esources},
  volume = {25},
  numero = {2},
  pages = {119--130},
  ISSN = {0990-7440},
  year = {2012},
  DOI = {10.1051/alr/2012011},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010057064},
}