De Meeûs Thierry auteur aut IRD Ravel Sophie auteur aut IRD Rayaisse J. B. auteur aut IRD Courtin Fabrice auteur aut IRD Solano Philippe auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf born digital access Tsetse flies are the vectors of human and animal trypanosomiases. For tsetse eradication programs, it is crucial to be able to identify and target isolated populations, because they can be targeted for eradication without risk of reinvasion. However, most data that are available on non-isolated populations fail to find how these populations are locally structured, because Wahlund effect (admixture of individuals from genetically different units) always interfere with interpretations. In this paper, we investigated the genetic population structure of a possibly isolated population of Glossina palpalis gambiensis in a sacred wood in South Burkina Faso. using microsatellite DNA markers. We found that genotypic proportions in this population were in agreement with random mating model and that these tsetse were genetically highly differentiated from other populations of the same Mouhoun river basin only a few kilometers away, confirming its genetic isolation. The population also displayed substantial temporal differentiation in a two years period that lead to an estimate of effective population size of similar to 100 individuals. The fact that no Wahlund effect was identified allowed us to accurately measure the basic genetic parameters of this isolated population. Identifying such isolated and small populations is crucial for eradication programs and should be implemented more often. specialized Tsetse flies Population genetics Isolation Effective population size Wahlund effect 052 020 12 6 1229-1234 2012 1567-1348 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010057027 10.1016/j.meegid.2012.04.005 1567-1348 [F B010057027] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010057027 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/intranet/publi/2012/08/010057027.pdf Accès réservé (Intranet de l'IRD) IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2012-09-03 2017-08-23 fdi:010057027 fre