@article{fdi:010055816,
  title = {{G}enetic diversity, population structure and drug resistance of {M}ycobacterium tuberculosis in {P}eru},
  author = {{T}aype, {C}. {A}. and {A}gapito, {J}. {C}. and {A}ccinelli, {R}. {A}. and {E}spinoza, {J}. {R}. and {G}odreuil, {S}. and {G}oodman, {S}. {J}. and {B}anuls, {A}nne-{L}aure and {S}haw, {M}. {A}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}his paper presents the first evaluation of the molecular epidemiology of {M}ycobacterium tuberculosis in {P}eru. {W}e characterised 323 isolates using spoligotyping and mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units variable number tandem repeats ({MIRU}-{VNTR}) typing. {W}e aimed to determine the levels of genetic diversity and genetic differentiation among and within {P}eruvian isolates and the epidemiological factors which may be driving patterns of population structure and evolution of {M}. tuberculosis in {P}eru. {O}ur results compared to the fourth international spoligotyping database ({S}pol{DB}4) and {MIRU}-{VNTR}plus, show that the main {M}. tuberculosis families present are {L}atin {A}merican-{M}editerranean, {H}aarlem, {T}, and {B}eijing. {B}ayesian clustering recovered 15 groups in the {P}eruvian {M}. tuberculosis isolates, among which two were composed mainly of orphans, implying the presence of native "{P}eruvian" strains not previously reported. {V}ariable levels of association with drug resistance were observed, with {B}eijing genotypes not showing any association with multidrug resistance, while in other groups {MIRU}-{VNTR} loci 2, 23, 31, and 40 were found to be associated with the multidrug-resistant tuberculosis ({MDR}-{TB}) phenotype, suggesting that a linkage disequibrium between these {MIRU} and drug resistance loci may be present. {G}enetic differentiation was present among drug resistant and sensitive strains. {E}thambutol appeared to be the main driver of differentiation, suggesting that strong selection pressure could have been exerted by drug treatment in {P}eru over recent years.},
  keywords = {{T}uberculosis ; {P}eru ; {MIRU}-{VNTR} ; {S}poligotyping ; {M}ycobacterium ; {T}uberculosis ; {E}pidemiology},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{I}nfection {G}enetics and {E}volution},
  volume = {12},
  numero = {3},
  pages = {577--585},
  ISSN = {1567-1348},
  year = {2012},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.meegid.2012.02.002},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010055816},
}