@article{fdi:010055811,
  title = {{G}ender differences in immune reconstitution : a multicentric cohort analysis in {S}ub-{S}aharan {A}frica},
  author = {{M}aman, {D}. and {P}ujades-{R}odriguez, {M}. and {S}ubtil, {F}. and {P}inoges, {L}. and {M}c{G}uire, {M}. and {E}cochard, {R}. and {E}tard, {J}ean-{F}ran{\c{c}}ois},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {I}n sub-{S}aharan {A}frica, men living with {HIV} often start {ART} at more advanced stages of disease and have higher early mortality than women. {W}e investigated gender difference in long-term immune reconstitution. {M}ethods/{P}rincipal {F}indings: {A}ntiretroviral-naive adults who received {ART} for at least 9 months in four {HIV} programs in sub-{S}aharan {A}frica were included. {M}ultivariate mixed linear models were used to examine gender differences in immune reconstitution on first line {ART}. {A} total of 21,708 patients (68% women) contributed to 61,912 person-years of follow-up. {A}t {ART} start,. {M}edian {CD}4 at {ART} were 149 [{IQR} 85-206] for women and 125 cells/mu {L} [{IQR} 63-187] for men. {A}fter the first year on {ART}, immune recovery was higher in women than in men, and gender-based differences increased by 20 {CD}4 cells/mu {L} per year on average (95% {CI} 16-23; {P}<0.001). {U}p to 6 years after {ART} start, patients with low initial {CD}4 levels experienced similar gains compared to patients with high initial levels, including those with {CD}4>250cells/mu {L} (difference between patients with <50 cells/mu {L} and those with >250 was 284 cells/mu {L}; 95% {CI} 272-296; {LR} test for interaction with time p = 0.63). {A}mong patients with initial {CD}4 count of 150-200 cells/mu {L}, women reached 500 {CD}4 cells after 2.4 years on {ART} (95% {CI} 2.4-2.5) and men after 4.5 years (95% {CI} 4.1-4.8) of {ART} use. {C}onclusion: {W}omen achieved better long-term immune response to {ART}, reaching {CD}4 level associated with lower risks of {AIDS} related morbidity and mortality quicker than men.},
  keywords = {},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}los {O}ne},
  volume = {7},
  numero = {2},
  pages = {e31078},
  ISSN = {1932-6203},
  year = {2012},
  DOI = {10.1371/journal.pone.0031078},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010055811},
}