@article{fdi:010055801,
  title = {{T}ransposable elements are a major cause of somatic polymorphism in {V}itis vinifera {L}},
  author = {{C}arrier, {G}. and {L}e {C}unff, {L}. and {D}ereeper, {A}lexis and {L}egrand, {D}. and {S}abot, {F}ran{\c{c}}ois and {B}ouchez, {O}. and {A}udeguin, {L}. and {B}oursiquot, {J}. {M}. and {T}his, {P}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}hrough multiple vegetative propagation cycles, clones accumulate mutations in somatic cells that are at the origin of clonal phenotypic diversity in grape. {C}lonal diversity provided clones such as {C}abernet-{S}auvignon {N} degrees 470, {C}hardonnay {N} degrees 548 and {P}inot noir {N} degrees 777 which all produce wines of superior quality. {T}he economic impact of clonal selection is therefore very high: since approx. 95% of the grapevines produced in {F}rench nurseries originate from the {F}rench clonal selection. {I}n this study we provide the first broad description of polymorphism in different clones of a single grapevine cultivar, {P}inot noir, in the context of vegetative propagation. {G}enome sequencing was performed using 454 {GS}-{FLX} methodology without a priori, in order to identify and quantify for the first time molecular polymorphisms responsible for clonal variability in grapevine. {N}ew generation sequencing ({NGS}) was used to compare a large portion of the genome of three {P}inot noir clones selected for their phenotypic differences. {R}eads obtained with {NGS} and the sequence of {P}inot noir {ENTAV}-{INRA} ({R}) 115 sequenced by {V}elasco et al., were aligned on the {PN}40024 reference sequence. {W}e then searched for molecular polymorphism between clones. {T}hree types of polymorphism ({SNP}s, {I}ndels, mobile elements) were found but insertion polymorphism generated by mobile elements of many families displayed the highest mutational event with respect to clonal variation. {M}obile elements inducing insertion polymorphism in the genome of {P}inot noir were identified and classified and a list is presented in this study as potential markers for the study of clonal variation. {A}mong these, the dynamic of four mobile elements with a high polymorphism level were analyzed and insertion polymorphism was confirmed in all the {P}inot clones registered in {F}rance.},
  keywords = {},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}los {O}ne},
  volume = {7},
  numero = {3},
  pages = {e32973},
  ISSN = {1932-6203},
  year = {2012},
  DOI = {10.1371/journal.pone.0032973},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010055801},
}