Ben Faleh A. R. auteur aut IRD Granjon Laurent auteur aut IRD Tatard C. auteur aut IRD Ben Othmen A. auteur aut IRD Said K. auteur aut IRD Cosson J. F. auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf born digital access The Mediterranean Basin is an acknowledged hotspot for biodiversity, yet historical processes that shaped this biodiversity in North Africa remain poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate the phylogeographic pattern of an endemic species of Mediterranean areas of North Africa, the Greater Egyptian Jerboa, Jaculus orientalis. The extent of phylogeographic patterns and molecular genetic diversity (mitochondrial cytochrome b gene) were addressed in a survey of 45 jerboas from 24 localities. Our phylogeographical analyses show a strong genetic subdivision into three areas along a west-east axis, corresponding to (1) Morocco and western Algeria; (2) eastern Algeria, Tunisia and western Libya; (3) eastern Libya and Egypt. Demographic analyses revealed different modalities of population expansion since the last glacial age depending on geographic areas. The dating using relaxed molecular clock analyses revealed that most splits occurred during the Quaternary (<1 million of years ago). Finally, we discussed the relative roles of geological and climatic change in generating this pattern of genetic structure observed for the Greater Egyptian Jerboa and other vegetal and animal species in North Africa. specialized climatic fluctuations cytochrome b gene genetic structure Maghreb Pleistocene refugia 080 286 3 208-220 2012 0952-8369 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010055756 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2011.00868.x 0952-8369 [F B010055756] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010055756 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/intranet/publi/2012/04/010055756.pdf Accès réservé (Intranet de l'IRD) IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2012-05-04 2017-08-23 fdi:010055756 fre