Publications des scientifiques de l'IRD

Bani Philipson, Oppenheimer C., Allard P., Shinohara H., Tsanev V., Carn S., Lardy Michel, Garaebiti E. (2012). First estimate of volcanic SO2 budget for Vanuatu island arc. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 211, p. 36-46. ISSN 0377-0273.

Titre du document
First estimate of volcanic SO2 budget for Vanuatu island arc
Année de publication
2012
Type de document
Article référencé dans le Web of Science WOS:000300531600004
Auteurs
Bani Philipson, Oppenheimer C., Allard P., Shinohara H., Tsanev V., Carn S., Lardy Michel, Garaebiti E.
Source
Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 2012, 211, p. 36-46 ISSN 0377-0273
The spatial and temporal coverage of measurements of volcanic gas emissions remains patchy. However, over the last decade, emissions inventories have improved thanks to new measurements of some of the lesserknown volcanic areas. We report on one such region-the Vanuatu island arc, in the Southwest Pacific for which we now have sufficient systematic observations to offer a systematic emissions inventory. Our new estimate is based on SO2 flux measurements made in the period 2004-2009 with ultraviolet spectroscopy techniques for the following volcanoes: Yasur. Lopevi, Ambrym, Ambae, Gaua and Vanua Lava (from south to north). These are the first ever measurements for Lopevi, Gaua and Vanua Lava. The results reveal the Vanuatu arc as one of Earth's prominent sources of volcanic degassing with a characteristic annual emission to the atmosphere of -3 Tg of SO2 (representing about 20% of hitherto published global estimates). Our new dataset highlights the sustained prodigious degassing of Ambrym volcano, whose 5 Gg day(-1) mean flux of SO2 represents nearly two-thirds of the total budget for the Vanuatu arc. This confirms Ambrym as one of the largest volcanic sources worldwide comparable to Etna, often considered as the most vigorous source of volcanic emission on Earth. We also report a high degassing for Ambae of -2 Gg day(-1) SO2, representing more than 28% of the Vanuatu arc budget. Thus, 90% of the SO2 output from Vanuatu is focused in the central part of the arc (from Ambrym and Ambae) where magmas originate from enriched Indian-type mantle and where peculiar tectonic conditions could favor high magma production rates.
Plan de classement
Géophysique interne [066]
Description Géographique
VANUATU
Localisation
Fonds IRD [F B010055653]
Identifiant IRD
fdi:010055653
Contact