@article{fdi:010054348,
  title = {{E}ctomycorrhizal symbiosis of tropical {A}frican trees},
  author = {{B}â, {A}madou and {D}uponnois, {R}obin and {M}oyersoen, {B}. and {D}i{\'e}dhiou, {A}.{G}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he diversity, ecology and function of ectomycorrhizal ({EM}) fungi and ectomycorrhizas ({ECM}s) on tropical {A}frican tree species are reviewed here. {W}hile {ECM}s are the most frequent mycorrhizal type in temperate and boreal forests, they concern an economically and ecologically important minority of plants in {A}frican tropical forests. {I}n these {A}frican tropical forests, {ECM}s are found mainly on caesalpionioid legumes, {S}arcolaenaceae, {D}ipterocarpaceae, {A}sterpeiaceae, {P}hyllantaceae, {S}apotaceae, {P}apilionoideae, {G}netaceae and {P}roteaceae, and distributed in open, gallery and rainforests of the {G}uineo-{C}ongolian basin, {Z}ambezian {M}iombo woodlands of {E}ast and {S}outh-{C}entral {A}frica and {S}udanian savannah woodlands of the sub-sahara. {O}verall, {EM} status was confirmed in 93 (26%) among 354 tree species belonging to {EM} genera. {I}n addition, 195 fungal taxa were identified using morphological descriptions and sequencing of the {ML}5/{ML}6 fragment of sporocarps and {ECM}s from {W}est {A}frica. {A}nalyses of the belowground {EM} fungal communities mostly based on fungal internal transcribed spacer sequences of {ECM}s from {C}ontinental {A}frica, {M}adagascar and the {S}eychelles also revealed more than 350 putative species of {EM} fungi belonging mainly to 18 phylogenetic lineages. {A}s in temperate forests, the /russula-lactarius and /tomentella-thelephora lineages dominated {EM} fungal flora in tropical {A}frica. {A} low level of host preference and dominance of multi-host fungal taxa on different {A}frican adult tree species and their seedlings were revealed, suggesting a potential for the formation of common ectomycorrhizal networks. {M}oreover, the {EM} inoculum potential in terms of types and density of propagules (spores, sclerotia, {EM} root fragments and fragments of mycelia strands) in the soil allowed opportunistic root colonisation as well as long-term survival in the soil during the dry season. {T}hese are important characteristics when choosing an {EM} fungus for field application. {I}n this respect, {T}helephoroid fungal sp. {XM}002, an efficient and competitive broad host range {EM} fungus, possessed these characteristics and appeared to be a good candidate for artificial inoculation of {C}aesalps and {P}hyllanthaceae seedlings in nurseries. {H}owever, further efforts should be made to assess the genetic and functional diversity of {A}frican {EM} fungi as well as the {EM} status of unstudied plant species and to strengthen the use of efficient and competitive {EM} fungi to improve production of ecologically and economically important {A}frican multipurpose trees in plantations.},
  keywords = {{E}ctomycorrhizal {A}frican trees ; {E}ctomycorrhizal fungal communities ; {C}ommon ectomycorrhizal networks ; {E}ctomycorrhizal sucession ; {G}rowth response ; {AFRIQUE} {SUBSAHARIENNE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{M}ycorrhiza},
  volume = {22},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {1--29},
  ISSN = {0940-6360},
  year = {2012},
  DOI = {10.1007/s00572-011-0415-x},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010054348},
}