@article{fdi:010054288,
  title = {{C}omparison of the effects of two herbicides and an insecticide on tropical freshwater plankton in microcosms},
  author = {{L}eboulanger, {C}hristophe and {B}ouvy, {M}arc and {C}arr{\'e}, {C}laire and {C}ecchi, {P}hilippe and {A}malric, {L}. and {B}ouchez, {A}. and {P}agano, {M}arc and {S}arazin, {G}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{N}atural plankton communities from a tropical freshwater reservoir ({C}ombani {R}eservoir, {M}ayotte {I}sland, {M}ozambique {C}hannel) were exposed, in 20-l nutrient-enriched microcosms, to two nominal concentrations of three pesticides: the herbicides diuron (2.2 and 11 mu g/l) and paraquat (10 and 40.5 mu g/l) and the insecticide fenitrothion (10 and 100 mu g/l), commonly used in the tropics for agriculture and disease vector control. {B}acterioplankton, phytoplankton, and zooplankton communities were monitored for 5 days after exposure, and the concentrations of toxicant and major nutrients were measured. {B}acterioplankton growth was noticeable in all systems and was slightly affected by pesticide at any concentration. {A} transitory increase in thymidine-based bacterial production was observed in diuron- and fenitrothion-treated microcosms, followed by a marked decrease in all microcosms after 5 days. {T}he functional diversity of bacterioplankton, evaluated using {BIOLOG} {ECO} ({R}) microplates, was reduced by exposure to the highest pesticide concentrations. {P}hytoplankton was affected by pesticides in different ways. {C}hlorophyll biomass and biovolumes were increased by diuron addition and decreased by paraquat, whereas fenitrothion-treated microcosms remained unaffected relative to controls. {P}hytoplankton taxonomic diversity was decreased by paraquat and high doses of fenitrothion but was unaffected by addition of diuron. {T}he decrease in diversity was due to a reduction in the number of species, whereas the density of small cells increased, especially after addition of paraquat. {H}eterotrophic flagellates were sensitive to paraquat and to the highest diuron concentration; a reduction in biomass of up to 90% was observed for 40.5 mu g/l paraquat. {Z}ooplankton, dominated by {T}hermocyclops decipiens and {D}iaphanosoma excisum, was slightly sensitive to diuron, and very sensitive to paraquat. {H}igh concentrations of the insecticide fenitrothion were effective only on young stages. {T}he potential direct and indirect effects of pesticide contamination on such a simplified plankton food web, typical of newly constructed reservoirs, appear to differ significantly depending on the biological compartment considered. {T}he overall sensitivity of tropical plankton is comparable to the sensitivity for temperate systems, and direct and indirect effects appeared rapidly, within 5 days of exposure.},
  keywords = {},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{A}rchives of {E}nvironmental {C}ontamination and {T}oxicology},
  volume = {61},
  numero = {4},
  pages = {599--613},
  ISSN = {0090-4341},
  year = {2011},
  DOI = {10.1007/s00244-011-9653-3},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010054288},
}