@article{fdi:010054175,
  title = {{C}onditions of malaria transmission in {D}akar from 2007 to 2010},
  author = {{G}adiaga, {L}. and {M}achault, {V}. and {P}ages, {F}. and {G}aye, {A}. and {J}arjaval, {F}. and {G}odefroy, {L}. and {C}isse, {B}. and {L}acaux, {J}. {P}. and {S}okhna, {C}heikh and {T}rape, {J}ean-{F}ran{\c{c}}ois and {R}ogier, {C}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {P}revious studies in {D}akar have highlighted the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of {A}nopheles gambiae s.l. biting rates. {I}n order to improve the knowledge of the determinants of malaria transmission in this city, the present study reports the results of an extensive entomological survey that was conducted in 45 areas in {D}akar from 2007 to 2010. {M}ethods: {W}ater collections were monitored for the presence of anopheline larvae. {A}dult mosquitoes were sampled by human landing collection. {P}lasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite ({CSP}) protein indexes were measured by {ELISA} (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), and the entomological inoculation rates were calculated. {R}esults: {T}he presence of anopheline larvae were recorded in 1,015 out of 2,683 observations made from 325 water collections. {A} water p{H} of equal to or above 8.0, a water temperature that was equal to or above 30 degrees {C}, the absence of larvivorous fishes, the wet season, the presence of surface vegetation, the persistence of water and location in a slightly urbanised area were significantly associated with the presence of anopheline larvae and/or with a higher density of anopheline larvae. {M}ost of the larval habitats were observed in public areas, i.e., freely accessible. {A} total of 496,310 adult mosquitoes were caught during 3096 person-nights, and 44967 of these specimens were identified as {A}n. gambiae s.l. {T}he mean {A}n. gambiae s.l. human-biting rate ranged from 0.1 to 248.9 bites per person per night during the rainy season. {A}nopheles arabiensis (93.14%), {A}nopheles melas (6.83%) and {A}n. gambiae s.s. {M} form (0.03%) were the three members of the {A}n. gambiae complex. {F}ifty-two {A}n. arabiensis and two {A}n. melas specimens were {CSP}-positive, and the annual {CSP} index was 0.64% in 2007, 0.09% in 2008-2009 and 0.12% in 2009-2010. {I}n the studied areas, the average {EIR} ranged from 0 to 17.6 infected bites per person during the entire transmission season. {C}onclusion: {T}he spatial and temporal heterogeneity of {A}n. gambiae s.l. larval density, adult human-biting rate ({HBR}) and malaria transmission in {D}akar has been confirmed, and the environmental factors associated with this heterogeneity have been identified. {T}hese results pave the way for the creation of malaria risk maps and for a focused anti-vectorial control strategy.},
  keywords = {{A}nopheles ; {D}akar ; malaria ; entomology ; {P}lasmodium transmission ; {H}uman ; {B}iting {R}ate},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{M}alaria {J}ournal},
  volume = {10},
  numero = {},
  pages = {312},
  ISSN = {1475-2875},
  year = {2011},
  DOI = {10.1186/1475-2875-10-312},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010054175},
}