@article{fdi:010053881,
  title = {{D}ynamics of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors in {B}enin : first evidence of the presence of {L}1014{S} kdr mutation in {A}nopheles gambiae from {W}est {A}frica},
  author = {{D}jegbe, {I}. and {B}oussari, {O}. and {S}idick, {A}. and {M}artin, {T}. and {R}anson, {H}. and {C}handre, {F}abrice and {A}kogbeto, {M}. and {C}orbel, {V}incent},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {I}nsecticide resistance monitoring is essential to help national programmers to implement more effective and sustainable malaria control strategies in endemic countries. {T}his study reported the spatial and seasonal variations of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors in {B}enin, {W}est {A}frica. {M}ethods: {A}nopheles gambiae s.l populations were collected from {O}ctober 2008 to {J}une 2010 in four sites selected on the basis of different use of insecticides and environment. {WHO} susceptibility tests were carried out to detect resistance to {DDT}, fenitrothion, bendiocarb, permethrin and deltamethrin. {T}he synergist piperonyl butoxide was used to assess the role of non-target site mechanisms in pyrethroid resistance. {A}nopheles gambiae mosquitoes were identified to species and to molecular {M} and {S} forms using {PCR} techniques. {M}olecular and biochemical assays were carried out to determine kdr and {A}ce. 1({R}) allelic frequencies and activity of the detoxification enzymes. {R}esults: {T}hroughout the surveys very high levels of mortality to bendiocarb and fenitrothion were observed in {A}n. gambiae s.l. populations. {H}owever, high frequencies of resistance to {DDT} and pyrethroids were seen in both {M} and {S} form of {A}n. gambiae s.s. and {A}nopheles arabiensis. {PBO} increased the toxicity of permethrin and restored almost full susceptibility to deltamethrin. {A}nopheles gambiae s.l. mosquitoes from {C}otonou and {M}alanville showed higher oxidase activity compared to the {K}isumu susceptible strain in 2009, whereas the esterase activity was higher in the mosquitoes from {B}ohicon in both 2008 and 2009. {A} high frequency of 1014{F} kdr allele was initially showed in {A}n. gambiae from {C}otonou and {T}ori-{B}ossito whereas it increased in mosquitoes from {B}ohicon and {M}alanville during the second year. {F}or the first time the {L}1014{S} kdr mutation was found in {A}n. arabiensis in {B}enin. {T}he ace. 1{R} mutation was almost absent in {A}n. gambiae s.l. {C}onclusion: {P}yrethroid and {DDT} resistance is widespread in malaria vector in {B}enin and both metabolic and target site resistance are implicated. {R}esistance was not correlated with a change of malaria species and/or molecular forms. {T}he 1014{S} kdr allele was first identified in wild population of {A}n. arabiensis hence confirming the expansion of pyrethroid resistance alleles in {A}frica.},
  keywords = {},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{M}alaria {J}ournal},
  volume = {10},
  numero = {},
  pages = {261},
  ISSN = {1475-2875},
  year = {2011},
  DOI = {10.1186/1475-2875-10-261},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010053881},
}