@article{fdi:010053803,
  title = {{E}nergetic cost of insecticide resistance in {C}ulex pipiens mosquitoes},
  author = {{R}ivero, {A}na and {M}agaud, {A}ntoine and {N}icot, {A}ntoine and {V}{\'e}zilier, {J}ulien},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he extensive use of insecticides to control vector populations has lead to the widespread development of different mechanisms of insecticide resistance. {M}utations that confer insecticide resistance are often associated to fitness costs that prevent them from spreading to fixation. {I}n vectors, such fitness costs include reductions in preimaginal survival, adult size, longevity, and fecundity. {T}he most commonly invoked explanation for the nature of such pleiotropic effects of insecticide resistance is the existence of resource-based trade-offs. {A}ccording to this hypothesis, insecticide resistance would deplete the energetic stores of vectors, reducing the energy available for other biological functions and generating trade-offs between insecticide resistance and key life history traits. {H}ere we test this hypothesis by quantifying the energetic resources (lipids, glycogen, and glucose) of larvae and adult females of the mosquito {C}ulex pipiens {L}. resistant to insecticides through two different mechanisms: esterase overproduction and acetylcholinesterase modification. {W}e find that, as expected from trade-off theory, insecticide resistant mosquitoes through the overproduction of esterases contain on average 30% less energetic reserves than their susceptible counterparts. {A}cetylcholinesterase-modified mosquitoes, however, also showed a significant reduction in energetic resources (20% less). {W}e suggest that, in acetylcholinesterase-modified mosquitoes, resource depletion may not be the result of resource-based trade-offs but a consequence of the hyperactivation of the nervous system. {W}e argue that these results not only provide a mechanistic explanation for the negative pleiotropic effects of insecticide resistance on mosquito life history traits but also can have a direct effect on the development of parasites that depend on the vector's energetic reserves to fulfil their own metabolic needs.},
  keywords = {life history trade-offs ; carboxylesterase ; acetylcholinesterase ; glycogen ; lipids},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{J}ournal of {M}edical {E}ntomology},
  volume = {48},
  numero = {3},
  pages = {694--700},
  ISSN = {0022-2585},
  year = {2011},
  DOI = {10.1603/me10121},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010053803},
}