@article{fdi:010053768,
  title = {{P}hysico-chemical and optical properties of {S}ahelian and {S}aharan mineral dust : in situ measurements during the {GERBILS} campaign},
  author = {{K}laver, {A}. and {F}ormenti, {P}. and {C}aquineau, {S}andrine and {C}hevaillier, {S}. and {A}usset, {P}. and {C}alzolai, {G}. and {O}sborne, {S}. and {J}ohnson, {B}. and {H}arrisone, {M}. and {D}ubovik, {O}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}his paper presents new results on the composition, size and shape of mineral dust particles from {A}frican sources which were obtained by analysis of bulk filter samples collected in {J}une 2007 onboard the {BA}e-146 research aircraft of the {F}acility for {A}irborne {A}tmospheric {M}easurements ({FAAM}). {T}he aircraft was operated over {M}auritania, {M}ali and {N}iger during the {G}eostationary {E}arth {R}adiation {B}udget {I}ntercomparisons of {L}ongwave and {S}hortwave radiation ({GERBILS}) campaign. {D}ust sampled during the campaign originated from various sources, including locally in the {S}ahel as a result of large-scale convective activity. {R}egardless of origin, clays (illite, kaolinite) dominated the total volume (79-90%); the remainder was composed of quartz, calcium-rich minerals (calcite, dolomite, gypsum) and alkali feldspars. {I}ron oxides, measured using a selective chemical extraction method, accounted for 1-3% of the total dust mass. {T}he dependence of particle number size and shape distribution on the origin of dust seems minor too, although our results might be slightly misleading due to the fact that those kinds of data have been gathered on flights when dust had comparable origins and residence time. {M}ineral dust is only weakly absorbing in the mid-visible wavelengths (single scattering albedo omega(0) > 0.95 at 550 nm), and omega(0) measured values can be reproduced by measuring the bulk fractions of the major minerals, i.e. clays, quartz, calcite and iron oxides. {A}t this wavelength, knowledge of the nature of clays and iron oxides, or the state of mixing of the minerals, does not induce significant differences in the results. {A} more precise description of the nature of clays and iron oxides is necessary at lower wavelengths owing to larger differences in their spectral optical properties. {I}n particular, knowledge of the nature of the dominant clay is important for determining light scattering in the backward hemisphere.},
  keywords = {desert aerosols ; {W}est {A}frica ; mineralogical composition ; single scattering albedo ; sensitivity calculations},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{Q}uarterly {J}ournal of the {R}oyal {M}eteorological {S}ociety},
  volume = {137},
  numero = {658},
  pages = {1193--1210},
  ISSN = {0035-9009},
  year = {2011},
  DOI = {10.1002/qj.889},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010053768},
}