@article{fdi:010053751,
  title = {{I}nsecticide resistance in the {A}nopheles gambiae complex in {B}enin : a nationwide survey},
  author = {{D}jogb{\'e}nou, {L}uc and {P}asteur, {N}. and {A}kogbeto, {M}. and {W}eill, {M}. and {C}handre, {F}abrice},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}enin has embraced {W}orld {H}ealth {O}rganization-recommended preventive strategies to control malaria. {I}ts {N}ational {M}alaria {C}ontrol {P}rogramme is implementing and/or coordinating various actions and conducting evaluation trials of mosquito control strategies. {M}osquito control is based on the use of insecticide-treated nets and indoor residual spraying, but the efficacy of these strategies to control malaria vectors is endangered by insecticide resistance. {H}ere, we present the results of a nationwide survey on the status of insecticide susceptibility and resistance in {A}nopheles gambiae s.l. ({D}iptera: {C}ulicidae) carried out in {B}enin in 2006-2007 (i.e. before extensive vector control was undertaken). {O}verall, our study showed that the {S} molecular form of {A}n. gambiae s. s. predominates and is widely distributed across the country, whereas the frequency of the {M} form shows a strong decline with increasing latitude. {S}usceptibility to {DDT}, permethrin, carbosulfan and chlorpyrifos-methyl was assessed; individual mosquitoes were identified for species and molecular forms, and genotyped for the kdr and ace-1 loci. {F}ull susceptibility to chlorpyrifos-methyl was recorded and very few samples displayed resistance to carbosulfan. {H}igh resistance levels to permethrin were detected in most samples and almost all samples displayed resistance to {DDT}. {T}he kdr-{L}eu-{P}he mutation was present in all localities and in both molecular forms of {A}n. gambiae s. s. {F}urthermore, the ace-1({R}) mutation was predominant in the {S} form, but absent from the {M} form. {B}y contrast, no target modification was observed in {A}nopheles arabiensis. {R}esistance in the {A}n. gambiae {S} molecular form in this study seemed to be associated with agricultural practices. {O}ur study showed important geographic variations which must be taken into account in the vector control strategies that will be applied in different regions of {B}enin. {I}t also emphasizes the need to regularly monitor insecticide resistance across the country and to adapt measures to manage resistance.},
  keywords = {{A}nopheles gambiae s.l. ; ace-1({R}) mutation ; insecticides ; kdr({R}) ; mutation ; resistance ; {B}enin},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{M}edical and {V}eterinary {E}ntomology},
  volume = {25},
  numero = {3},
  pages = {256--267},
  ISSN = {0269-283{X}},
  year = {2011},
  DOI = {10.1111/j.1365-2915.2010.00925.x},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010053751},
}